Commodore VIC 20 Emulator

Pfau Zeh for Win32

Documentation

Version 0.25 (4. May 1999)

(C) 1996-99 Arne Bockholdt

Pfau Zeh for Win32 is :

• a Commodore VIC 20 emulator for Microsoft Win9x/NT/2k written in C code.  The base version is developed for the Linux operating system.

• Freeware, that means that you can use Pfau Zeh for Win32 without paying any charge. You can give Pfau Zeh for Win32 to others or put it on private CD-ROMs etc. when you don't modify this package. You must not modify anything of Pfau Zeh without my permission ! If you like to port Pfau Zeh to other platforms, feel free to contact me. If you want to publish it on any commercial CD-ROM, discs etc. you must contact me to get my permission.

PFAU ZEH FOR WIN32 IS DISTRIBUTED "AS IS". NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. YOU USE AT YOUR OWN RISK. THE AUTHOR WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR DATA LOSS, DAMAGES, LOSS OF PROFITS OR ANY OTHER KIND OF LOSS WHILE USING OR MISUSING THIS SOFTWARE.

Arne Bockholdt

Table of contents :

1. What's new in version 0.25
2. Requirements to run Pfau Zeh for Win32
3. Installation
4. Command line options
5. Menu options
6. File format support
7. Video emulation
8. Sound emulation
9. Keyboard emulation
10. Joystick emulation
11. Paddle emulation
12. Light pen emulation
13. Comparison Pfau Zeh for Win32 => VIC 20
14. To do...
15. Compatibility
16. Frequently asked questions
17. Reporting bugs, problems, comments and mailing list
18. New releases and Pfau Zeh for Win32 home page
19. History
20. Thanks to...

What's new in version 0.25 :

• Two new DirectDraw low resolution modes for a more VIC-20 like output
• Bugfixes for 3dfx Voodoo 3 / Banshee cards problems.
• Bugfixes in speed control. PZW V0.2 was to fast on modern computers
• Better logging functions
• Bugfixes
• DirectDrawCheck is included now
• and many, many other minor changes...

Requirements to run Pfau Zeh for Win32

Hardware :

• a X86-compatible personal computer with at least a speedy 80486 processor. A "Fifth generation" processor (or better) is recommended.
• an accelerated local-bus graphic card with at least 2 MB RAM
• optional : a sound card with the capability to produce a 8 Bit 22.05 khz mono output (16 bit 44.1 kHz PCI card recommended)
• optional : a PC-joystick

Software :

• Microsoft Win9X, WinNT 4.0, Win2k
• Microsoft DirectX2 (Win9x with DirectX 6.1 or later recommended, WinNT 4.0 with SP4 recommended)
• DirectDraw-compatible display driver (a driver from card manufacturer recommended, don't use the drivers from DirectX redist package !)
• optional : DirectSound-compatible sound driver with capablity to produce continuous sample rates (hardware mixing capability recommended, systems with emulation drivers will produce a bad sound output)
• optional : Joystick driver installed
• optional : Tons of old games to have the real (nostalgic) VIC 20 feeling

Installation

First of all, please extract the Pfau Zeh for Win32 package and start the the setup program.  You can specify a directory where the files will be copied to.

It will create a directory structure like this :

PfauZeh for Win32/

docs/

games/

In this package the ROM files are included.

kernel.pal

PAL Kernel ROM, 8 KB

kernel.ntsc

NTSC Kernel ROM, 8 KB

chargen.rom

Character generator ROM, 4 KB

basic.rom

Basic interpreter ROM, 8 KB

The ROMs are copyrighted by Commodore Business Machines.

That's all ! You can create a shortcut to your desktop if you want...

To uninstall Pfau Zeh for Win32 (you don't want to do that, he ?) choose Uninstall in the Control Panel/Software.

Note: The setup program installs the latest C-Library (MSVCRT.DLL) to your system directory. The setup program wants to reboot Windows after installation then.

Command line options

No command line options/paramters are available in the current Pfau Zeh for Win32 release. Perhaps in the next version.

Menu options

The Pfau Zeh for Win32 menus gives you the possibility to control Pfau Zeh for Win32 in various ways. To switch between the Win32-GDI interface and the Commodore VIC 20, please press one of the following keys/buttons:  

• ESC-key
• ALT-key
• or the right mouse button.

Here is a short description of the menus and their functions :

File menu :

You can popup this menu by pressing ALT-F at every time.

• Load/Save Basic program:

This is the only way to load or save your BASIC programs at the moment . You must enter the name of the file or choose the file in the file selector dialog. The file will be checked for the right memory expansion for this program. If you got the wrong memory expansion inserted Pfau Zeh for Win32 will reset the VIC and load the program afterwards. Now you can type "RUN" to start the program ;-)

Default :

• none

Hot Keys :

• none  

• Load Cartridge :

This is the way to insert a cartridge into the VIC 20. To start a cartridge with auto-start sequence, please answer "yes" when the reset dialog appears. You can select more then one cartridge file at one time.

Default :

• none

Hot Keys :

• none

• Remove Cartridge :

When you want to start another cart or if you want to enter a BASIC program, you must remove the inserted cartridge. You can manage this with this option. The inserted cartridge will be removed and the VIC 20 will be resetted. This option is only highlighted when a cartridge is inserted in the VIC 20.

Default :

• none

Hot Keys :

• none

• Exit :

  If you want to turn of the VIC 20, please turn this switch off.

  Default :

  • none

  Hot Keys :

  • ALT-F4  

Hardware menu :

You can popup this menu by pressing ALT-H at every time.

 Video mode ... :

• Video timing :

  This is a very important setting to run some programs successfully. Please refer to the video emulation section for further details. The VIC 20 will reset to apply this setting.

  Default :

  • PAL  (6560)

  Hot Key :

  • none

• Overscan :

  You can choose how much VIC 20 lines the video emulation don't display at the top of the screen. Some programs need this setting set to 9 lines to see the whole screen. The VIC 20 will reset to apply this setting.

  Default :

  • 28 lines

  Hot Key :

  • none

Memory ... :

• Memory expansion :

  This is the amount of expansion memory you want to give your VIC 20. Some programs need a special amount of memory. Unexpanded means the standard 3.5 kb RAM.

  The VIC 20 will reset when you changed this setting.

  Default :

  • Unexpanded

  Hot keys :

  • none

• RAM at $a000 :

  With this setting you can declare the $a000-$bfff VIC 20 memory locations as RAM instead of ROM. At least one game (Amidar) needs this because its cartridge seems to have RAM memory. The VIC will reset after you changed this setting.

  Default :

  • $a000-$bfff is ROM (disabled, menu item isn't checked)

  Hot Key :

  • none

 Reset VIC 20:

• Reset the VIC 20 :

  To start a cartridge or to start over with the VIC you must reset the VIC. It's a cold start, all data in the VIC memory gets lost  (except carts in $a000-$bfff, use Remove Cartridge from File menu to clear this memory)

  Default :

  • none

  Hot Keys :

  • F11

Options menu :

You can popup this menu by pressing ALT-O at every time.

Joystick ... :

With the help of the following dialog box you can change the settings of the hardware joystick emulation. When you don't have a joystick or the driver isn't installed correctly than this menu entry is gray. Please see the Joystick section for more information.

Paddles ... :

With the help of the following dialog box you can change the settings of the paddles emulation. Please see the Paddles section for more information.

 

Sound ... :

With the help of the following dialog box you can change the settings of the sound emulation. When you don't have a sound card or the driver isn't installed correctly than this menu entry is gray. Please see the Sound section for more information.

 

Help menu :

You can popup this menu by pressing ALT-H at every time.

 

DirectDraw Info... :

This dialog boxs displays information about the capabilites of your display card and driver. A good card and driver is important for a good emulation speed, because Pfau Zeh for Win32 uses the most CPU time to render frames.

To run the emulator you need a DirectDraw driver. To get the best possible emulation speed all checks of the dialog should be checked. Here's a short description of the meanings of the checks:

• DirectDraw acceleration available:
  This is required, without DirectDraw acceleration the program won't start...

• DirectDraw surfaces located in video memory:
  This means that Pfau Zeh for Win32 can write directly to the memory located on your display card. This is very fast and required for a fast rendering. Some old cards (and drivers) don't support this feature (e.g. S3 Trio32 cards).

• Triple buffered surfaces:
  Pfau Zeh for Win32 tries to use three surfaces to render frames. To use this acceleration the display card must have 2 MB of RAM. If this amount of RAM isn't available Pfau Zeh for Win32 uses double buffering which is ~30 % slower.

• Resolution 640x400, 16 bit available:
  Pfau Zeh for Win32 tries to switch to this resolution at startup. It's the fastest mode with less memory usage. Some display drivers (e.g. the drivers shipped with the DirectX redist package) don't support this mode. Pfau Zeh switches to 640x480 then. This mode is slower and the VIC 20 screen will be smaller. Get good drivers !!!

• BLT with COLORFILL available:
  This function of your display card is needed to clear the screen. With a hardware support this will be faster. Most cards support this feature otherwise DirectX emulates this function.

The performance rating should give you a hint of the maximum reachable emulation speed. With a medium priced display card with good drivers a very good rating should be possible on Win9x and WinNT.

 

DirectSound Info... :

This dialog box displays information about the capabilites of your sound card and driver. A good card and driver is important for a good sound quality, because Pfau Zeh for Win32 uses functions of DirectSound to produce the sound output.

 

To get a accurate sound output you need a DirectSound driver. To get the best possible sound quality all checks of the dialog should be checked. Here's a short description of the meanings of the checks:

• DirectSound acceleration available:
  The DirectSound acceleration is required to get a good sound emulation output. If the acceleration isn't available you should disable the sound emulation, the sound quality will be very bad. You should get DirectSound drivers.

• Continuous sample rates support:
  This means that your sound card (and driver) supports all possible sample rates from 100-100000 Hz. This is a required feature to get a good sound output. Unfortunately most drivers don't support this. Some cards seem to produce a good sound output without this feature.

• DirectSound buffers are located in hardware:
  This feature isn't required for a good sound output but it's recommended. Some carts got Sample RAM for sound buffers. If this RAM is available Pfau Zeh for Win32 moves the sound into it. The result is a lower mixing latency and a better sound output.

• 16 Bit, 44 kHz, mono sample capability:
  This simply means that you got a 16 Bit sound card.

For a low latency it's required that your sound card supports hardware mixing of the sound channels. If this feature isn't available DirectSound emulates it and the mixing latency will be very high, the sound output will be bad.

• 16 Bit buffer:
  Your card supports hardware mixing for 16 Bit buffers. This feature is recommended when you use 16 Bit sound output.

• 8 Bit buffer:
  Your card supports hardware mixing for 8 Bit buffers. This feature is recommended when you use 8 Bit sound output.

• Mono buffer:
  Your card supports hardware mixing for mono buffers. This is required to use the advantages of hardware mixing.

If only one of the X Bit hardware mixing features is available you should use the mode which supports hardeware mixing.. If no hardware mixing is supported you should use the 8 Bit mode to get a better sound output.

The sound quality rating should give you a hint of the sound output quality. You need a real good sound card and drivers to get a good sound quality rating. I use a SoundBlaster AWE 32 with 2 MB Sample RAM and get a good sound quality rating.

Pfau Zeh for Win32 is a good test program for the quality of your sound card and your sound driver !

 

About Pfau Zeh... :

This dialog box displays information about the current version, a disclaimer and the internet addresses of the author.

File format support

Here's a list of supported file formats :  

• CRT format :

  Type :

  • Cartridge ROM

  Size :

  • 4, 8 or 16 KB

  Address :

  • 8 kb to $a000
  • 16 kb to $a000 (8 kb) and $6000 (8 kb)
  • Address from header if present, you can identify a file with header if the size of this file is X*4096+2 (X=1,2,4). Header Size : 2 Bytes

  How to load :

  • load cartridge in File menu
• X0 format (X0 is normally A0, B0, 20 or 60):

  Type :

  • Cartridge ROM

  Size :

  • 4, 8  KB

  Address :

  • $X000

  How to load :

  • load cartridge in File menu

• PRG format (1st possibility):

  Type :

  • Cartridge ROM

  Size :

  • 4, 8 KB

  Address :

  • address from header of file

   How to load :

  • load cartridge in File menu

     

• PRG format (2nd possibility):

Type :

• BASIC program

Size :

• Various

Address :

• address from header of file

 How to load :

• load BASIC in File menu

• unknown suffix (1st possibility):

  Type :

  • Cartridge ROM

  Size :

  • 4, 8 kb

  Address :

  • $a000

   How to load :

  • load cartridge in File menu

• unknown suffix (2nd possibility):

  Type :

  • BASIC program

  Size :

  • Various

  Address :

  • address from header of file (BASIC)

   How to load :

  • load BASIC in File menu

Not supported are :

• Cross emulator S20 snapshot format (will come with V0.3)
• PC-VIC snap shot format PCV (I don't have the file specifications !)
• V20 snap shot format V20 (I miss some important things in this snap shot format)
• any kind of real tape and disc formats
• multipart basic programs

Video emulation

There are two different video modes for two different TV systems. The German (European ?) VC 20 used the PAL system and the American VIC 20 used the NTSC system.

You can choose the emulated video system in the Option/Video menu. Some games needs the PAL timing, others the NTSC timing. Here's a small table with a comparison between this two timings.

The position of the output screen in the window depends from the video timing and the sound is different too. If the position of the frame in the window isn't correct with your program, try the other video mode!

The kernel ROM file will be reloaded when you've changed the video timing !  

Sound emulation

The VIC 20 produces 3 melodic and 1 noise voice. There's a volume control for this voices too. Pfau Zeh for Win32 emulates all of this sound features with help of the DSP on your sound card. This sounds much better compared with FM synthesis or something like that but it costs much more CPU time to produce this samples.

Pfau Zeh for Win32 renders 8 or 16 Bit mono samples with 22.05 or 44.1 khz sampling rate.

If you want to hear this sounds you must have a sound card with DirectSound drivers. The drivers must support continuous sample rates output and should do hardware mixing.

The sound dialog in the options menu gives you the possibility to control the sound emulation. This dialog is only visible when the sound card is available at statup. Here is a short description of these settings :

• Sound emulation:
  You can enable and disable the sound output. With a disabled sound output the emulator is silent. (Default : Enabled)

• Sound render quality:
  With this setting you can control the quality and speed of the sound emulation. You should only change this setting when you notice a serious speed down with some games. (Default: Good).

• Sample Size:
  This is the size of one sample. All modern sound cards should have the capability to play 16 Bit samples. The default is 8 Bit because this is faster for computers without hardware mixing feature. If your sound card supports hardware mixing you should change to 16 Bit mode to get a better sound quality. Some cards support hardware mixing only in 16 Bit mode (e.g. SB AWE 32). You must restart the emulator to apply the change of this setting. (Default: 8 Bit)

• Sample frequency:
  The sample frequency should be always set to 44100 Hz. If you got a very slow computer and want to use sound emulation you should switch to 22050 Hz. You must restart the emulator to apply the change of this setting. (Default: 44100 Hz)

Keyboard emulation

The VIC 20 has got a nice keyboard very similar to a PC keyboard. Here's a picture of the VIC 20.
 

On this picture you see the differences between the VIC keyboard and the keys Pfau Zeh for Win32 uses for the emulation. Here's a list :

• RUN-STOP :

  TAB key

• Control :

  Left Control key

• CBM :

  Right Control key

• Home :

  Home (Pos 1) Key

• £ :

  Insert Key

• Cursor Down :

  Page Down Key

• Cursor Right :

  Page Up Key

• Arrow Up :

  End Key

• Restore :

  F12

Remember : The keys F2, F4, F6 and F8 are accessed by pressing F1, F3, F5 and F7 with one of the shift keys !!!!

Joystick emulation

You can emulate the VIC 20 joystick in two different ways :

• Connect a real joystick to your game port and install the DirectInput driver. Important !!!! You have to calibrate it in the Control Panel before you use Pfau Zeh for Win32. 

The joystick dialog is only enabled when you got a joystick with driver installed. The keyboard joystick emulation is always enabled. Here's a short description of the joystick settings:

• Hardware support:
  With this setting you can enable the joystick emulation with help of your hardware joystick. You should disable it if you don't want to use your joystick to play VIC 20 games because the emulation will be faster then. This setting doesn't control the keyboard joystick emulation (Default: Enabled)

• Joystick scan speed:
  With help of this setting you can control the speed of the joystick emulation. A "fast" setting will lead to a faster reaction time of your actions. You don't have to change this setting because the default value should do best.

 

• Simulate the joystick with some keys on your keyboard. The keys for the joystick are :

Fire :

Numblock 0/Insert

Directions :

Cursor keys or cursor keys on Numblock  

You can use both control possibilities at the same time.

Paddles emulation

Pfau Zeh for Win32 got a paddles emulation. Some games needs this controller type. Use the following keys for the paddles :

• Paddle 1

  Left : Numblock end (1)

  Right : Numblock page down (3)

  Fire : Cursor key left

   

• Paddle 2

  Left : Numblock pos1 (7)

  Right : Numblock page up ( 9)

  Fire : Cursor key right

To use the directions of the paddles you need to numlock the number block ! The fire keys are the same as the left/right directions of the keyboard joystick emulation.

The paddles dialog is always enabled. Here's a short description of the paddles settings:

• Paddles emulation:
  With this setting you can enable the paddles emulation. The emulation is faster when you disable the paddles emulation. Only some games needs this controller type. (Default: enabled)

• Paddles scan speed:
  With help of the paddles scan speed scaler you can change the speed of the paddles emulation. This setting tells the emulator how many times per second it should check for a pressed paddles emulation key.

• Paddles regulation value:
  With help of the paddles regulation value you can change the speed of the paddles emulation too, but in a different way. For a smooth paddle emulation you should set this value to low and the scan speed to fast.

Light Pen emulation

No light pen emulation in this release of Pfau Zeh for Win32. Sorry, but it will come, I promise...perhaps in V0.3

Comparison Pfau Zeh => VIC 20

This section should inform  you about the "quality" of Pfau Zeh for Win32. It tells you which parts of a real VIC 20 are emulated from Pfau Zeh for Win32.

• Emulated :

6502 :

• Legal opcodes
• Illegal opcodes
• Timings
• Interrupt, NMI
• should be 100 % !

VIA 1

• Ports A/B
• DDRs
• ACR
• PCR
• IRQ
• Timer 1/2 incl. latches
• Joystick
• Restore key

VIA 2

• Ports A/B
• DDRs
• PCR
• ACR
• IRQ
• Timer 1/2 incl. latches
• Keyboard
• Joystick

VIC

• All graphic modes
• 16 Colors
• Sound (3 melodic + 1 noise + volume)
• Screen origin registers
• TV raster beam
• Paddles
• Inverted mode
• etc.

Misc.

• memory expansions
• PAL/NTSC version of VIC 20
• VIC 20 Keyboard
• Joystick
• Paddles
• Reset button

• Not emulated :

  VIA 1

  • Shift register
  • Parts of RS 232 / User Port
  • Parts of Tape control

  VIA 2

  • Shift register
  • Parts of serial interface
  • Parts of Tape control

  VIC

  • Interlaced mode (NTSC only)
  • NTSC first line at the bottom of the screen

  Misc.

  • Light Pen
  • Tape emulation
  • Disc emulation

To do...

Here's the list of things that I plan to implement / enhance / change in Pfau Zeh for Win32 for the future :

6502

• speed up code

VIC

• Light pen
• a better graphic emulation, at the moment a whole line is drawn, a pixel-based or instruction based emulation would do better...
• correct NTSC emulation (first line)

VIA 1

• tape
• shift register emulation, but no program use it (except serial transfers)
• RS-232 (see above)

VIA 2

• tape
• shift register (see above)
• serial bus (disc drive, printer)

I/O

• tape
• disc
• printer

Misc.

• windowed mode (will be slower !)
• snapshots of the VIC 20 memory and registers on disc (S20 file format)
• fixing some bugs (a never-ending story...)
• a debugger window
• suggestions are always welcomed

Compatibility

Here're the programs I've tested with the current version of Pfau Zeh for Win32 and the results I get. If you've got corrections or additions, please mail them to me. Thank you !

These programs should work fine with Pfau Zeh for Win32 :

These programs have some problems with Pfau Zeh for Win32 :

These programs don't work with Pfau Zeh for Win32 :

Frequently asked questions :    

Reporting bugs, problems, comments and mailing list:

If you got problems to run Pfau Zeh for Win32 or if you find any bugs in it, please contact me and send me a mail to my address :

  pfauzeh@classicgaming.com

Any kind of comments are welcome, too. If you find a program which doesn't work with Pfau Zeh for Win32 or got any glitches, please send it to me.

IMPORTANT: Please attach the PFAUZEH.LOG from the Pfau Zeh for Win32 directory and the DDCHECK3.LOG to every bug report or question. Thank you in advance !

There's also a mailing list where I announce new versions of Pfau Zeh for Win32. Please send me an email and I will put you on the list.

New releases and Pfau Zeh for Win32 home page:

You can find new releases on the Pfau Zeh for Win32 home page at :

  http://www.classicgaming.com/pfauzeh

If you want to be notified if a new version has been released I can put you on the Pfau Zeh for Win32 Mailing list. For further information see above.

History :  

Pfau Zeh is a project I started at the 1st. October 1996. It's the first emulator project I've made and the first program for X-Windows and Win32, too. 

The Commodore VC 20 (the German version of the VIC) was the first home computer I've seen in my life. I've played "River Rescue" on the VIC of a good friend. That's one of the main reasons for me to develop this emulator. And I'm very happy to see that River Rescue runs on Pfau Zeh, it's a very nostalgic feeling, my first computer game ever...

In the past Pfau Zeh was called Pfau Zeh (ASP) but this is obsolete now...Pfau Zeh for Win32 is the first port of the Pfau Zeh for Linux project.

Well, here's the changes to Pfau Zeh for Win32 : 

V0.25

• ++ DirectDraw modes : 460x360x16, 512x384x16
• ++ Default video mode : 460x360x16
• ++ Log file enhancement.
• ++ DirectDrawCheck program included.
• ** DirectDraw Pitch value bug. Caused problems on 3dfx cards.
• ** Fixed bug in speed control. PFW was too fast on high-end computers.
• ** Dialogs were changed to fit new video modes
• ** New compiler version (Microsoft Visual C++ 6 SP3) using BLEND optimization
• ** Documentation updates

V0.2

• ++ sound emulation (16 Bit, 44.1 kHz, mono)
• ++ speed improvements (about 30 %) through triple buffering and other speed ups
• ++ new settings for paddles and joystick emulation
• ++ configuration auto saving function
• ++ fallback to 640x480x16 when 640x400x16 resolution isn't available
• ++ registry support for configuration
• ++ last loading/saving directories will be saved
• ++ status bar menu help function
• ++ version information for executable
• ++ DirectX information dialogs with performance rating
• ** changed paddles emulation. The speed is independent of the keyboard repeat rate now.
• ** changed some menu names
• ** updated the emulation core from V0.7 to V0.8
• ** better logging function (e.g. for DirectX errors)
• ** fixed bug in reset code (AtariSoft games)
• ** video memory is now 4 bit instead of 8 Bit
• ** fixed bug in screen position register emulation
• ** HLT dialog with new debug information
• -- pfauzeh.cfg configuration file

V0.1

• First release

** : changed/updated/fixed in this release

++ : new in this release

--  : removed in this release  

Thanks to...

I would like to thank for their help on this project :  

• Lance Ewing (be@ihug.co.nz)

Author of the VIC 20 emulator V20 for DOS for lots of help and for his great documentation.

• Marko Mäkelä (Marko.Makela@HUT.FI)

For his very accurate VIA/VIC/6502 documentation, some suggestions to improve Pfau Zeh and for bug reporting.

• Linus Akerlund (uxm165t@tninet.se)

BETA tester of Pfau Zeh for Win32 for very much bug reports. Visit his nice VIC 20 page at http://members.xoom.com/vic20

• Bernd Wiebelt (bernado@studi.mathematik.hu-berlin.de)

Author of Thriller for his permission to include Thriller in the Pfau Zeh package and for his beta testing of Pfau Zeh for Linux

• Marat Fayzullin (fms@freeflight.com)

Author of many emulators, in my case I must thank him for his DASM (6502 disassembler) program. It helps me debugging my emulator.  

• Wolfgang Lorenz

For his nice 6510 test suite. I've tested my 6502 emulation with it. Unfortunately he stopped the developing of his PC64 emulator...  

• Sarah Dalrymple (saz@jdal.demon.co.uk)

I've taken the VIC 20 picture from her VIC 20 Page. URL : The World of JAZ  

• all other beta testers for sending me bug reports.

Have a lot of nostalgic feelings !

Windows 95/98, Windows NT, Windows 2000, DirectSound, DirectDraw and DirectX are trademarks and copyrighted of Microsoft Coorperation.

Pfau Zeh for Win32 V0.25 rev.1  Copyright 1996-99 Arne Bockholdt  pfauzeh@classicgaming.com