advanced developing countries
another term for those less developed countries (LDCs) with particularly
rapid industrial development; see newly industrializing economies (NIEs)
advanced economies
a new term used by the International Monetary FUND (IMF) for the top
group in its hierarchy of advanced economies, countries in transition, and
developing countries; recently published IMF statistics include the following
28 advanced economies: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan,
South Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, UK, US; note-this group would presumably also
cover the following seven smaller countries of Andorra, Bermuda, Faroe Islands,
Holy See, Liechtenstein, Monaco, and San Marino which are included in the
more comprehensive group of "developed countries"
African, Caribbean, and Pacific Countries (ACP)
addressAvenue Georges Henri 451, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
telephone32 (2) 743 06 00
FAX32 (2) 735
55 73
established1 April 1976
aimto
manage their preferential economic and aid relationship with the EU
members(70) Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas,
Barbados, Belize, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape
Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the
Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican
Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia,
Ghana, Grenada, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati,
Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique,
Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe,
Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sudan, Suriname,
Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu, Uganda, Vanuatu,
Zambia, Zimbabwe
African Development Bank (AfDB)
notealso
known as Banque Africaine de Developpement (BAD)
address01
BP 1387, Abidjan 01, Cote d'Ivoire
telephone225 20
41 18
FAX225 20 40 06
established4
August 1963
aimto promote economic and social development
regional members(53) Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana,
Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad,
Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire,
Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia,
Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger,
Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda,
Zambia, Zimbabwe
nonpermanent members(25) Argentina,
Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
India, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Kuwait, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Saudi
Arabia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UAE, UK, US
Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique (ACCT)
see Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)
Agence de la francophonie (ACCT)
see Agency for the French-speaking Community (ACCT)
Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT)
see Agency for the French-speaking Community (ACCT); acronym from Agence
de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique
Agency for the French-speaking Community (ACCT)
noteformerly Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation
address13 quai Andre-Citroen, F-75015 Paris, France
telephone33 (1) 44 37 33 00
FAX33 (1) 45
79 14 98
established21 March 1970
name changed1996
aimto promote cultural and technical cooperation
among French-speaking countries
members(40) Belgium, Benin, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi,
Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo (may have dropped out), Republic of the
Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Dominica, Equatorial Guinea, France, Gabon,
Guinea, Haiti, Laos, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritius, Moldova,
Monaco, Niger, Romania, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, Switzerland, Togo, Tunisia,
Vanuatu, Vietnam
associate members(5) Egypt, Guinea-Bissau,
Mauritania, Morocco, Saint Lucia
participating governments(2)
New Brunswick (Canada), Quebec (Canada)
Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America
and the Caribbean (OPANAL)
noteacronym from Organismo
para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la America Latina y el Caribe
(OPANAL)
addressTemistocles 78, Col Polanco, CP 011560,
Mexico City 5 DF, Mexico
telephone52 (5) 280 4923,
280 5064, 280 2715
FAX52 (5) 280 2965
established14 February 1967
aimto encourage
the peaceful uses of atomic energy and prohibit nuclear weapons
members(30) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas,
Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras,
Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent
and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela
Andean Group (AG)
noteknown also as
the Andean Parliament
addressCarrera 7a, No. 13-58, Oficina
401, Apartado Aereo 039165, Santafe de Bogota, Columbia
telephone57 (1) 284 41 91, 284 40 28, 284 33 74
FAX57
(1) 184 32 70
established26 May 1969
effective16 October 1969
aimto promote harmonious development
through economic integration
members(5) Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela
associate members(1) Panama
observers(26)
Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Costa Rica, Denmark,
Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands,
Paraguay, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US, Uruguay, Yugoslavia
Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)
notealso known as Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique
(BADEA)
addressAbdel Rahman El Mahdi Avenue, P.O. Box
2640, Khartoum, Sudan
telephone249 (11) 770498, 773646,
773709
FAX249 (11) 770600
established18 February 1974
effective16 September 1974
aimto promote economic development
members(17 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization)
Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania,
Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Palestine
Liberation Organization; notethese are all the members of the Arab League
excluding Comoros, Djibouti, Somalia, Yemen
Arab Cooperation Council (ACC)
established16 February 1989
aimto promote economic cooperation
and integration, possibly leading to an Arab Common Market
members(4) Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Yemen
Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD)
addressP.O. Box 21923, Safat 13080, Kuwait
telephone965 4844500
FAX965 4815750, 4815760, 4815770
established16 May 1968
aimto promote
economic and social development
members(21 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization)
Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt (suspended from 1979 to 1988),
Iraq (suspended 1993), Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco,
Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia (suspended 1993), Sudan (suspended 1993),
Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization
Arab League (AL)
notealso known as
League of Arab States (LAS)
addressMidan Attahrir, Tahrir
Square, P.O. Box 11642, Cairo, Egypt
telephone20 (2)
750 511
FAX20 (2) 740 331
established22 March 1945
aimto promote economic, social,
political, and military cooperation
members(21 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization)
Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon,
Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria,
Tunisia, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization
Arab Maghreb Union (AMU)
address27
avenue Okba Agdal, Rabat, Morocco
telephone212 (7)
77 26 82, 77 26 76, 77 26 68
FAX212 (7) 77 26 93
established17 February 1989
aimto promote cooperation
and integration among the Arab states of northern Africa
members(5) Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Tunisia
Arab Monetary Fund (AMF)
addressP.O.
Box 2818, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
telephone971
(2) 215000, 328500
FAX971 (2) 326454
established27 April 1976
effective2 February 1977
aimto promote Arab cooperation, development, and integration in
monetary and economic affairs
members(20 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization)
Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya,
Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia,
UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
address438 Alexandra Road, Alexandra Point Building, 19th Floor 01/04, Singapore
119958, Singapore
telephone65 276 1880
FAX65 276 1775
established7 November 1989
aimto promote trade and investment in the Pacific basin
members(19) Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, China, Hong
Kong, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, NZ, Papua New Guinea,
Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, US, Vietnam
observers(3) Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Pacific Economic Cooperation
Conference, South Pacific Forum
Asian Development Bank (AsDB)
address6
ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong, 0401 METRO Manila, Philippines
telephone63 (2) 711 3851
FAX63 (2) 741 7961, 631 6816
established19 December 1966
aimto
promote regional economic cooperation regional members(40) Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh,
Bhutan, Burma, Cambodia, China, Cook Islands, Fiji, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia,
Japan, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives,
Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Nauru, Nepal,
NZ, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Singapore, Solomon Islands,
Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam
nonregional members(16) Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey, UK, US
Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion (ALADI)
see Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
notethe ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) consists of the 9 ASEAN members,
2 observers, 2 consultative partners, and 8 dialogue partners: Australia,
Canada, EU, India, Japan, South Korea, New Zealand, US
address70 A Jalan Sisingamangaraja, Kebayoran Baru, P.O. Box 2072, Jakarta
12110, Indonesia
telephone62 (21) 7262410, 7262991,
7262272, 7251988
FAX62 (21) 7398234, 7243348
established9 August 1967
aimto encourage regional
economic, social, and cultural cooperation among the non-Communist countries
of Southeast Asia
members(9) Brunei, Burma, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines,
Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam
observers(2) Cambodia, Papua
New Guinea
consultative partners(2) China, Russia
Australia Group
established1984
aimto consult on and coordinate export controls related to chemical
and biological weapons
members(28) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US; note-may now include only 23
countries
observer(1) Singapore
Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)
addressc/o Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Bag 8, Queen
Victoria Terrace, Canberra ACT 2600, Australia
telephone61
(62) 61 91 11
FAX61 (62) 61 21 51
established1 September 1951
effective29 April 1952
aimto implement a trilateral mutual security agreement, although
the US suspended security obligations to NZ on 11 August 1986; Australia
and the US continue to hold annual meetings
members(3) Australia, NZ, US
Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico (BCIE)
see Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)
Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID)
see Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
addressCentralbahnplatz 2, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
telephone41 (61) 280 80 80
FAX41 (61) 280 91 00
established20 January 1930
effective17 March
1930
aimto promote cooperation among central banks
in international financial settlements
members(33) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey,
UK, US, Yugoslavia (suspended)
pending members(9) Brazil, China, Hong Kong, India, South Korea,
Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore
Banque Africaine de Developpement (BAD)
see African Development Bank (AfDB)
Banque Arabe de Developpement Economique en Afrique (BADEA)
see Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (ABEDA)
Banque de Developpement des Etats de l''Afrique Centrale (BDEAC)
see Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)
Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement (BOAD)
see West African Development Bank (WADB)
Benelux Economic Union (Benelux)
noteacronym
from Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg
addressRue
de la Regence 39, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
telephone32
(2) 519 38 11
FAX32 (2) 513 42 06
established3 February 1958
effective1 November 1960
aimto develop closer economic cooperation and integration
members(3) Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands
Big Seven
notemembership is the same
as the Group of 7
establishedNA 1975
aimto discuss and coordinate major economic policies
members(7) Big Six (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan,
UK) plus the US
Big Six
notenot to be confused with
the Group of 6
establishedNA 1967
aimto foster economic cooperation
members(6) Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK
Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC)
addressI Hareket Kosku, Dolmabahce Sarayi, Besiktas 80680, Istanbul,
Turkey
telephone90 (1) 227 7300 through 227 7305
FAX90 (1) 227 7306
established25 June 1992
aimto enhance regional stability through economic cooperation
members(11) Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia,
Greece, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine
observers(7) Austria, Egypt, Israel, Italy, Poland, Slovakia, Tunisia
Caribbean Community and Common Market (Caricom)
addressCaricom, P.O. Box 10827, Bank of Guyana Building, 3rd floor,
Avenue of the Republic, Georgetown, Guyana
telephone592
(2) 69281 through 69289
FAX592 (2) 66091, 67816, 57341
established4 July 1973
effective1
August 1973
aimto promote economic integration and
development, especially among the less developed countries
members(14) Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados,
Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago
associate members(2) British Virgin Islands, Turks and
Caicos Islands
observers(9) Anguilla, Bermuda, Cayman
Islands, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Mexico, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto
Rico, Venezuela
Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)
addressP.O.
Box 408, Wildey, St. Michael, Barbados
telephone1
(809) 431 1600
FAX1 (809) 426 7269
established18 October 1969
effective26 January 1970
aimto promote economic development and cooperation
regional members(20) Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, The
Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Colombia,
Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Mexico, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks
and Caicos Islands, Venezuela
nonregional members(5)
Canada, France, Germany, Italy, UK
Cartagena Group
see Group of 11
Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)
noteacronym from Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale
addressBP 969, Bangui, Central African Republic
telephone236 61 09 22, 61 45 77
FAX236 61
21 35
established8 December 1964
effective1 January 1966
aimto promote the establishment
of a Central African Common Market
members(6) Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic
of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon
Central African States Development Bank (BDEAC)
noteacronym from Banque de Developpement des Etats de l'Afrique
Centrale
addressBDEAC, Place du Gouvernement, BP 1177,
Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo
telephone242 83
01 26, 83 01 49, 81 02 12, 81 02 21
FAX242 83 02 66
established3 December 1975
aimto
provide loans for economic development
members(9) Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic
of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, France, Gabon, Germany, Kuwait
Central American Bank for Economic Integration (BCIE)
noteacronym from Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economico
addressApartado Postal 772, Tegucigalpa DC, Honduras
telephone504 372230 through 372239, 371184 through
371188
FAX504 370793
established3
December 1960
aimto promote economic integration and
development
members(5) Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras,
Nicaragua
nonregional members(3) Argentina, Mexico, Taiwan
Central American Common Market (CACM)
addressc/o SIECA, Apart Postal 1237, 4a Avenida 10-25, Zona 14, Guatemala
01901, Guatemala
telephone502 (2) 682151, 682152,
682153, 682154
FAX502 (2) 681071
established13 December 1960
effective3 June 1961
aimto promote establishment of a Central American Common Market
members(6) Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras,
Nicaragua, Panama
Central European Initiative (CEI)
noteevolved
from the Hexagonal Group
addressMinistry of Affairs of
the Republic of Poland, Al I Ch Szucha 23, PL-00 580 Warsaw, Poland
established27 July 1991
aimto form an economic
and political cooperation group for the region between the Adriatic and
the Baltic Seas
members(16) Albania, Austria, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, The Former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine
centrally planned economies
a term applied mainly to the traditionally communist states that looked
to the former USSR for leadership; most are now evolving toward more democratic
and market-oriented systems; also known formerly as the Second World or as
the communist countries; through the 1980s, this group included Albania, Bulgaria,
Cambodia, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, GDR, Hungary, North Korea, Laos, Mongolia,
Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam, Yugoslavia
Colombo Plan (CP)
addressColombo Plan
Bureau, P.O. Box 596, 12 Melbourne Avenue, Colombo 4, Sri Lanka
telephone94 (1) 581813, 581853, 581754
FAX94
(1) 581754
established1 July 1951
aimto promote economic and social development in Asia and the Pacific
members(24) Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan,
Burma, Cambodia, Canada, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, South Korea,
Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Nepal, NZ, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines,
Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, UK, US
Commission for Social Development
noteformerly
Social Commission
addressDivision Policy Coordination
ECOSOC Affairs, Department Policy Coordination and Sustainable Development,
United Nations, Room S-29631, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1 (212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 963 5935
established21 June 1946 as the Social Commission, renamed 29 July
1966
aimto deal, as part of the Economic and Social
Council, with social development programs of UN
members(32) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice
addressCrime Prevention and Criminal Justice Division, Vienna International
Center, P.O. Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
telephone43
(1) 21345, extension 4272
FAX43 (1) 21345 5898
established6 February 1992
aimto provide guidance,
as part of the Economic and Social Council, on crime prevention and criminal
justice
members(40) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Commission on Human Rights
addressc/o
United Nations Office, Centre for Human Rights, Palais des Nations, CH-1211
Geneva 10, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 917 12 34,
907 12 34
FAX41 (22) 733 32 46
established18 February 1946
aimto assist, as part of the
Economic and Social Council, with human rights programs of UN
members(53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Commission on Narcotic Drugs
addressc/o
United Nations Drug Control Programme, Treaty Implementation and Legal Affairs
Division, P.O. Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
telephone43
(1) 213450
FAX43 (1) 21345-5885
established16 February 1946
aimEconomic and Social Council
organization dealing with illicit drugs programs of UN
members(53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
with emphasis on producing and processing countries
Commission on Population and Development
addressDivision for Policy and Coordination and ECOSOC Affairs, Department
for Policy Coordination and Sustainable Development, United Nations, Room
2963, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1 (212) 963
1234
FAX1 (212) 963 5935
established3
October 1946
aimto deal with population matters of
importance to the UN, as part of Economic and Social Council
members(47) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Commission on Science and Technology for Development
addressUnited Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1 (212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 758 2718
established30 April 1992
aimto promote international
cooperation, as part of the Economic and Social Council, in the field of
science and technology
members(53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Commission on the Status of Women
addressDivision for Policy and Coordination and ECOSOC Affairs, Department
for Policy Coordination and Sustainable Development, United Nations, Room
S-2963, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1 (212) 963
1234
FAX1 (212) 963 5935
established21 June 1946
aimto deal, as part of the Economic
and Social Council, with women's rights goals of UN
members(45) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Commission on Sustainable Development
addressDivision for Sustainable Development, UN DPCSD, Room DC2-2274, New
York, NY 10017, US
telephone1 (212) 963 0902
FAX1 (212) 963 4260
established12 February
1993
aimto monitor, as part of the Economic and Social
Council, implementation of agreements reached at the UN Conference on Environment
and Development
members(53) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Commonwealth (C)
notealso known as
Commonwealth of Nations
addressc/o Commonwealth Secretariat,
Marlborough House, Pall Mall, London SW1Y 5HX, UK
telephone44 (171) 839 3411
FAX44 (171) 930 0827
established31 December 1931
aimto foster multinational
cooperation and assistance, as a voluntary association that evolved from
the British Empire
members(52) Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, The Bahamas,
Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Brunei, Cameroon, Canada, Cyprus,
Dominica, Fiji, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, India, Jamaica, Kenya,
Kiribati, Lesotho, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Mozambique,
Namibia, NZ, Nigeria (suspended), Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts
and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Swaziland,
Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, UK, Vanuatu, Zambia, Zimbabwe
special members(2) Nauru (soon to become full member),
Tuvalu
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
addressKirov Street 17, 220000 Minsk, Belarus
telephone375
293434, 293517
FAX375 261894, 261944
established8 December 1991
effective21 December 1991
aimto coordinate intercommonwealth relations and to provide a mechanism
for the orderly dissolution of the USSR
members(12) Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
Commonwealth of Nations
see Commonwealth (C)
Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEAO)
see West African Economic Community (CEAO)
Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale (CEEAC)
see Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)
Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs (CEPGL)
see Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)
communist countries
traditionally the Marxist-Leninist states with authoritarian governments
and command economies based on the Soviet model; most of the original and
the successor states are no longer communist; see centrally planned economies
Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE)
see Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucleaire (CERN)
see European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
Contadora Group (CG)
established 5 January 1983 (on the Panamanian island of Contadora) to
reduce tensions and conflicts in Central America; has evolved into the Rio
Group (RG); members included Colombia, Mexico, Panama, Venezuela
Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf
see Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
Coordinating Committee on Export Controls (COCOM)
established
in 1949 to control the export of strategic products and technical data from
member countries to proscribed destinations; members were Australia, Belgium,
Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, UK, US; abolished 31 March 1994; COCOM members
are working on a new organization with expanded membership which focuses on
nonproliferation export controls as opposed to East-West control of advanced
technology
Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CEMA)
notealso known as CMEA or Comecon
established 25 January 1949 to
promote the development of socialist economies and abolished 1 January 1991;
members included Afghanistan (observer), Albania (had not participated since
1961 break with USSR), Angola (observer), Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia,
Ethiopia (observer), GDR, Hungary, Laos (observer), Mongolia, Mozambique
(observer), Nicaragua (observer), Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam, Yemen (observer),
Yugoslavia (associate)
Council of Arab Economic Unity (CAEU)
addressInternational Trade Centre Building, 12th Floor, 1191 Cornish El Nile,
P.O. Box 1, Mohamad Freed, Cairo, Egypt
telephone20
(2) 754252, 755321
FAX20 (2) 754090
telephone962 (6) 66 43 26, 66 43 27, 66 43 28
FAX962
(6) 66 33 43
established3 June 1957
effective30 May 1964
aimto promote economic integration
among Arab nations
members(11 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization)
Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Mauritania, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, UAE,
Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization
Council of Europe (CE)
addressPalais
de l'Europe, F-67075 Strasbourg CEDEX, France
telephone33
(3) 88 41 20 00
FAX33 (3) 88 41 27 81, 88 41 27 82
established5 May 1949
effective3
August 1949
aimto promote increased unity and quality
of life in Europe
members(40) Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, UK
guests(4)
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia
observers(5) Canada, Israel, Italy, Japan, US
Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS)
addressMinistry for Foreign Affairs, Box 16121, S-10323 Stockholm, Sweden
telephone46 (8) 405 1000
FAX46
(8) 723 1176
established5 March 1992
aimto promote cooperation among the Baltic Sea states in the areas of
aid to new democratic institutions, economic development, humanitarian aid,
energy and the environment, cultural programs and education, and transportation
and communication
members(11) Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Iceland,
Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden
Council of the Entente (Entente)
addressBP
3734, Abidjan 01, Cote d'Ivoire
telephone225 33 10 01,
33 28 35
FAX225 33 11 49
established29 May 1959
aimto promote economic, social, and
political coordination
members(5) Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Niger,
Togo
countries in transition
a new term used by the International Monetary FUND (IMF) for the middle
group in its hierarchy of advanced economies, countries in transition, and
developing countries; recently published IMF statistics include the following
28 countries in transition: Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia
and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary,
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia, Moldova, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan; note-this
group is identical to the group traditionally referred to as the "former
USSR/Eastern Europe" except for the addition of Mongolia
Customs Cooperation Council (CCC)
notealso
known as World Customs Organization (WCO)
addressRue
de l'Industrie 26-38, B-1040 Brussels, Belgium
telephone32
(2) 508 42 11
FAX32 (2) 508 42 40
established5 December 1950
aimto promote international cooperation
in customs matters
members(142) Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia,
Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium,
Bermuda, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi,
Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Colombia,
Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire,
Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Eritrea, Estonia,
Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
South Korea, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Macau, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova,
Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Niger, Nigeria,
Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar,
Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden,
Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,
Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan,
Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
developed countries (DCs)
the top group in the hierarchy of developed countries (DCs), former USSR/Eastern
Europe (former USSR/EE), and less developed countries (LDCs); includes the
market-oriented economies of the mainly democratic nations in the Organization
for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Bermuda, Israel, South Africa,
and the European ministates; also known as the First World, high-income countries,
the North, industrial countries; generally have a per capita GDP in excess
of $10,000 although four OECD countries and South Africa have figures well
under $10,000 and two of the excluded OPEC countries have figures of more
than $10,000; the 35 DCs are: Andorra, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bermuda,
Canada, Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Holy See,
Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta,
Mexico, Monaco, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, San Marino, South Africa,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US; note-similar to the new International
Monetary Fund (IMF) term "advanced economies" which adds Hong Kong, South
Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan but drops Malta, Mexico, South Africa, and Turkey
developing countries
a new term used by the International Monetary FUND (IMF) for the bottom
group in its hierarchy of advanced economies, countries in transition, and
developing countries; recently published IMF statistics include the following
126 developing countries: Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, Aruba, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin,
Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia,
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia,
Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica,
Cote d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt,
El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana,
Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta,
Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia,
Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Niger,
Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines,
Qatar, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,
Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland,
Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, UAE,
Uganda, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe; note-this
category would presumably also cover the following 46 other countries that
are traditionally included in the more comprehensive group of "less developed
countries": American Samoa, Anguilla, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cayman
Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos Islands, Cook Islands, Cuba, Eritrea, Falkland
Islands, French Guiana, French Polynesia, Gaza Strip, Gibraltar, Greenland,
Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guernsey, Jersey, North Korea, Macau, Isle of
Man, Martinique, Mayotte, Montserrat, Nauru, New Caledonia, Niue, Norfolk
Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Pitcairn Islands, Puerto Rico, Reunion,
Saint Helena, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Tokelau, Tonga, Turks and Caicos
Islands, Tuvalu, Virgin Islands, Wallis and Futuna, West Bank, Western Sahara
East African Development Bank (EADB)
address4 Nile Avenue, P.O. Box 7128, Kampala, Uganda, or Bruce House, P.O.
Box 47685, Nairobi Kenya, or Nic Investment House, P.O. Box 9401, Miranbo
Street, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
telephone256 (41)
230021, 230825 or 254 (2) 340642, 340656 or 255 (51) 113194, 113195
FAX256 (41) 259763 or 255 (51) 113197
established6 June 1967
effective1 December 1967
aimto promote economic development
members(3) Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
addressUnited Nations Building, Rajadamnern Avenue,
Bangkok 10200, Thailand
telephone66 (2) 2881234
FAX66 (2) 2881000
established28 March 1947
as Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE)
aimto carry out the commitment of the Economic and Social Council of
the UN to promote economic development
members(51) Afghanistan, Armenia, Australia, Azerbaijan,
Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, China, Fiji, France, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan,
Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia,
Mongolia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea,
Philippines, Russia, Samoa, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan,
Thailand, Tonga, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, UK, US, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu,
Vietnam
associate members(9) American Samoa, Cook Islands,
French Polynesia, Guam, Hong Kong, Macau, New Caledonia, Niue, Northern Mariana
Islands
Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
address28 Abdel Hameed Sharaf Street, P.O. Box 927115, Amman, Jordan
telephone962 (6) 694351
FAX962
(6) 694981, 694982
established9 August 1973 as Economic
Commission for Western Asia (ECWA)
aimto promote economic
development as a regional commission for the UN's Economic and Social Council
members(12 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization)
Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia,
Syria, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization
Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)
addressP.O. Box 3001-3005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
telephone251 (1) 51 72 00
FAX251 (1) 51 44 16
established29 April 1958
aimto promote economic
development as a regional commission of the UN's Economic and Social Council
members(53) Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina
Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti,
Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda,
Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South
Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate members(2) France, UK
Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE)
see Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
Economic Commission for Europe (ECE)
addressPalais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 917 1234, 907 2893
FAX41 (22) 917
0036
established28 March 1947
aimto
promote economic development as a regional commission of the UN's Economic
and Social Council
members(55) Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan,
Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia,
Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia,
San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia
Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA)
see Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)
addressEdificio Naciones Unidas, Avenida Dag
Hammarskjold, Casilla 179 D, Santiago, Chile
telephone56
(2) 2102000
FAX56 (2) 2080252, 2081946
established25 February 1948 as Economic Commission for Latin America
(ECLA)
aimto promote economic development as a regional
commission of the UN's Economic and Social Council
members(41) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas,
Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, France, Grenada, Guatemala,
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Italy, Jamaica, Mexico, Netherlands, Nicaragua,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines, Spain, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, US,
Uruguay, Venezuela
associate members(7) Anguilla, Aruba,
British Virgin Islands, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Virgin
Islands
Economic Commission for Western Asia (ECWA)
see Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA)
Economic Community of Central African States (CEEAC)
noteacronym from Communaute Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale
addressCEEAC, BP 2112, Libreville, Gabon
telephone241 73 35 47, 73 35 48, 73 36 77
established18 October 1983
aimto promote regional economic
cooperation and establish a Central African Common Market
members(10) Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic,
Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial
Guinea, Gabon, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe
observer(1)
Angola
Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (CEPGL)
noteacronym from Communaute Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs
addressB.O. Box 58, Gisenyi, Rwanda
telephone250 40228
FAX250 40785
established26 September 1976
aimto promote regional economic
cooperation and integration
members(3) Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Rwanda
Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
address6 King George V Road, PMB 12745, Lagos, Nigeria
telephone234 (1) 636839, 636841, 636064, 630398
FAX234 (1) 636822
established28 May 1975
aimto promote regional economic cooperation
members(16) Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Cote d'Ivoire,
The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger,
Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo
Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
addressNo. 5 Khayahan-A-Hejab, Bd Keshavarz, P.O. Box 14155-6176, Teheran,
Iran Islamic Republic
telephone98 (21) 653349, 654888,
655100, 658614, 656152, 658045, 659052
FAX98 (21)
658046
establishedNA 1985
aimto
promote regional cooperation in trade, transportation, communications, tourism,
cultural affairs, and economic development
members(10) Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
associate members(1) "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus"
Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC)
notebegan as the North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC); an extension
of NATO
addressc/o NATO, B-1110 Brussels, Belgium
telephone32 (2) 728 41 11
FAX32 (2) 728
45 79
established8 November 1991
effective20 December 1991
aimto discuss cooperation on
mutual political and security issues
members(44) Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus,
Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Malta, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US,
Uzbekistan
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
addressEBRD Headquarters, One Exchange Square, London EC2A 2EH,
UK
telephone44 (171) 338 6000, 338 7931
FAX44 (171) 338 6100, 338 6139
established15
April 1991
aimto facilitate the transition of seven
centrally planned economies in Europe (Bulgaria, former Czechoslovakia,
Hungary, Poland, Romania, former USSR, and former Yugoslavia) to market
economies by committing 60% of its loans to privatization
members(60) Albania, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan,
Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, EU, European Investment Bank (EIB), Estonia,
Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel,
Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta,
Mexico, Moldova, Morocco, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan;
noteincludes
all 25 members of the OECD; also includes the EU as a single entity
European Community (or European Communities, EC)
was established
8 April 1965 to integrate the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom),
the European Coal and Steel Community (ESC), the European Economic Community
(EEC or Common Market), and to establish a completely integrated common market
and an eventual federation of Europe; merged into the European Union (EU)
on 7 February 1992; member states at the time of merger were Belgium, Denmark,
France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal,
Spain, UK
European Free Trade Association (EFTA)
address9-11 rue de Varembe, CH-1202 Geneva 20, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 749 13 35
FAX41 (22) 733 92 91
established4 January 1960
effective3 May 1960
aimto promote expansion of free trade
members(4) Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland
European Investment Bank (EIB)
addressBd
Konrad Adenauer 100, L-2950 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
telephone352 43791
FAX352 437704
established25 March 1957
effective1 January 1958
aimto promote economic development of the EU and its predecessors,
the EEC and the EC
members(15) Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain,
Sweden, UK
European Monetary Union (EMU)
notean
integral part of the European Union
addressc/o European
Commission, Rue de la Loi 200, B-1049 Bruxelles,
telephone32 (2) 199 11 11 proposed-7 February 1992
aimto
promote a single market by creating a single currency, the euro; time table-2
May 1998: European exchange rates are likely to be fixed for 1 January 1999;
1 January 1999: all banks and stock exchanges begin using euros; 1 January
2002: the euro goes into circulation; 1 July 2002 local currencies no longer
accepted
members(0) likely to be included in the first wave of
members: Austria, Beligum, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Portugal, Spain;
noteDenmark, Sweden, and
UK decided not to join, and Greece did not meet all the criteria to take part
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
noteacronym retained from the predecessor organization Conseil Europeen
pour la Recherche Nucleaire
addressCH-1211 Geneva 23,
Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 767 61 11
FAX41 (22) 767 65 55
established1 July 1953
effective29 September 1954
aimto
foster nuclear research for peaceful purposes only
members(19) Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK
observers(7) EU, Israel, Japan, Russia, Turkey, United Nations Educational,
Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Yugoslavia (suspended)
European Space Agency (ESA)
address8-10
rue Mario Nikis, F-75738 Paris CEDEX 15, France
telephone33
(1) 53 69 76 54
FAX33 (1) 53 69 75 60
established31 July 1973
effective1 May 1975
aimto promote peaceful cooperation in space research
and technology
members(14) Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France,
Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
UK
cooperating state(1) Canada
European Union (EU)
noteevolved from
the European Community (EC)
addressc/o European Commission,
Rue de la Loi 200, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium
telephone32
(2) 299 11 11
FAX32 (2) 295 01 38 through 295 01 40
established7 February 1992
effective1
November 1993
aimto coordinate policy among the 15
members in three fields: economics, building on the European Economic Community's
(EEC) efforts to establish a common market and eventually a common currency
to be called the 'euro', which will supercede the EU's accounting unit,
the ECU; defense, within the concept of a Common Foreign and Security Policy
(CFSP); and justice and home affairs, including immigration, drugs, terrorism,
and improved living and working conditions
members(15) Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain,
Sweden, UK
membership applicant(12) Albania, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia
First World
another term for countries with advanced, industrialized economies; this
term is fading from use; see developed countries (DCs)
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
addressViale delle Terme di Caracalla, I-00100 Rome, Italy
telephone39 (6) 52251
FAX39 (6) 5225 3152
established16 October 1945
aimto raise living
standards and increase availability of agricultural products, as a UN specialized
agency
members(175) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia
and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi,
Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile,
China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the
Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt,
El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, EU, Fiji, Finland,
France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, North
Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia,
Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands,
NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New
Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda,
Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa,
Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan,
Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand,
Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda,
UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended),
Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate members(1) Puerto Rico
former Soviet Union (FSU)
a collective term often used to identify as a group the successor nations
to the Soviet Union or USSR; this group of 15 countries consists of Armenia,
Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania,
Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
former USSR/Eastern Europe (former USSR/ EE)
the middle group
in the hierarchy of developed countries (DCs), former USSR/Eastern Europe
(former USSR/EE), and less developed countries (LDCs); these countries are
in political and economic transition and may well be grouped differently
in the near future; this group of 27 countries consists of Albania, Armenia,
Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic,
Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, The
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia
and Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan;
this group is identical to the IMF group "countries in transition" except
for the IMF's inclusion of Mongolia
Four Dragons
the four small Asian less developed countries (LDCs) that have experienced
unusually rapid economic growth; also known as the Four Tigers; this group
consists of Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan; these countries are
included in the IMF's "advanced economies" group
Four Tigers
another term for the Four Dragons; see Four Dragons
Franc Zone (FZ)
addressDirection Generale
des Service Etrangers (Service de la Zone Franc), Banque de France, 39 rue
Crois-des-Petits-Champs, BP 140-01, Paris CEDEX 01, France
telephone33 (1) 42 92 31 26
FAX33 (1) 42 92 39 88
established20 December 1945
aimto form a monetary
union among countries whose currencies are linked to the French franc
members(15) Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African
Republic, Chad, Comoros, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Equatorial
Guinea, France, Gabon, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo; noteFrance includes metropolitan
France, the four overseas departments of France (French Guiana, Guadeloupe,
Martinique, Reunion), the two territorial collectivities of France (Mayotte,
Saint Pierre and Miquelon), and the three overseas territories of France
(French Polynesia, New Caledonia, Wallis and Futuna); noteGuinea-Bissau was
to become a member on 2 May 1997
Front Line States (FLS)
established to achieve black majority rule in South Africa; has since
gone out of existence; members included Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia,
Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
was established
30 October 1947 to promote the expansion of international trade on a nondiscriminatory
basis; subsumed by the World Trade Organization (WTrO) on 1 January 1995;
members at the time were Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia,
Austria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia,
Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada,
Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the
Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Fiji,
Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala,
Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India,
Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait,
Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macau, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Morocco, Mozambique,
Namibia, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Paraguay,
Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and
Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Senegal, Sierra Leone,
Singapore, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Swaziland,
Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,
Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia (suspended),
Zambia, Zimbabwe
Group of 2 (G-2)
informal term that came into use about 1986; to facilitate bilateral
economic cooperation between the two most powerful economic giants Japan,
US
Group of 3 (G-3)
establishedNA October
1990
aimmechanism for policy coordination
members(3) Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela
Group of 5 (G-5)
established22 September
1985
aimto coordinate the economic policies of five
major noncommunist economic powers
members(5) France, Germany, Japan, UK, US
Group of 6 (G-6)
notealso known as
Groupe des Six Sur le Desarmement; not to be confused with the Big Six
established22 May 1984
aimto achieve nuclear
disarmament
members(6) Argentina, Greece, India, Mexico, Sweden, Tanzania
Group of 7 (G-7)
notemembership is
the same as the Big Seven
established22 September 1985
aimto facilitate economic cooperation among the seven
major noncommunist economic powers
members(7) Group of 5 (France, Germany, Japan, UK, US)
plus Canada and Italy
Group of 8 (G-8)
established NA October 1975 to facilitate economic cooperation among
the developed countries (DCs) that participated in the Conference on International
Economic Cooperation (CIEC), held in several sessions between NA December
1975 and 3 June 1977; members were Australia, Canada, EU (as one member),
Japan, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, US
Group of 9 (G-9)
establishedNA
aimto discuss matters of mutual interest on an informal basis
members(9) Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland,
Hungary, Romania, Sweden, Yugoslavia
Group of 10 (G-10)
notealso known as
the Paris Club; includes the wealthiest members of the IMF who provide most
of the money to be loaned and act as the informal steering committee; name
persists in spite of the addition of Switzerland on NA April 1984
addressc/o IMF Office in Europe, 64-66 ave d'Iena, F-75116 Paris,
France
telephone33 (1) 40 69 30 80
FAX33 (1) 47 23 40 89
establishedNA October 1962
aimto coordinate credit policy
members(11) Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan,
Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US
nonstate participants(4) BIS, EU, IMF, OECD
Group of 11 (G-11)
notealso known as
the Cartagena Group
established22 June 1984, in Cartagena,
Colombia
aimto provide a forum for largest debtor
nations in Latin America
members(11) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela
Group of 15 (G-15)
notebyproduct of
the Non-Aligned Movement
addressTechnical Support Facility,
Ch du Champ d'Ancier 17, Case postale 326, CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 798 42 10
FAX41
(22) 798 38 49
establishedSeptember 1989
aimto promote economic cooperation among developing nations; to
act as the main political organ for the Non-Aligned Movement
members(15) Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Egypt, India,
Indonesia, Jamaica, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Peru, Senegal, Venezuela,
Yugoslavia, Zimbabwe
Group of 19 (G-19)
establishedNA October
1975
aimto represent the interests of the less developed
countries (LDCs) that participated in the Conference on International Economic
Cooperation (CIEC) held in several sessions between NA December 1975 and
3 June 1977
members(19) Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Cameroon, Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Mexico,
Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zambia
Group of 24 (G-24)
addressc/o European
Commission, DGIA- G-24 Coordination Unit, Rue de la Loi 200, B-1049 Brussels,
Belgium
telephone32 (2) 299 22 44
FAX32 (2) 299 06 02
establishedNA January 1972
aimto promote the interests of developing countries
in Africa, Asia, and Latin America within the IMF
members(24) Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guatemala,
India, Iran, Lebanon, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Sri Lanka,
Syria, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela, Yugoslavia
Group of 30 (G-30)
address1990 M Street
NW, Suite 450, Washington, DC 20036, US
telephone1
(202) 331 2472
FAX1 (202) 785 9423
establishedNA 1979
aimto discuss and propose solutions to
the world's economic problems
members(30) informal group of 30 leading international
bankers, economists, financial experts, and business leaders organized by
Johannes Witteveen (former managing director of the IMF)
Group of 33 (G-33)
establishedNA 1987
aimto promote solutions to international economic problems
members(33) leading economists from 13 countries
Group of 77 (G-77)
addressOffice of
the Chairman, United Nations, Room S-3959, P.O. Box 20, New York, NY 10017,
US
telephone1 (212) 963 3816, 963 0192, 963 4777
FAX1 (212) 963 3515, 963 1753
establishedNA
October 1967
aimto promote economic cooperation among
developing countries; name persists in spite of increased membership
members(129 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization)
Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil,
Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of
the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus,
Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial
Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica,
Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia,
Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama,
Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint
Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao
Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland,
Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda,
UAE, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe,
Palestine Liberation Organization
Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
notealso
known as the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf
addressP.O. Box 7153, Riyadh 11462, Saudi Arabia
telephone966 (1) 482 7777
FAX966 (1) 482 9109
established25 May 1981
aimto promote regional
cooperation in economic, social, political, and military affairs
members(6) Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia,
UAE
Hexagonal Group
see Central European Initiative (CEI)
high-income countries
another term for the industrialized countries with high per capita GDPs;
see developed countries (DCs)
Indian Ocean Commission (InOC)
addressQ4
avenue Sir Guy Forget, BP7, Quatre Bornes, Mauritius
telephone230 425 9564, 425 1652
FAX230 425 1209
establishedJuly 1982
aimto organize and promote
regional cooperation in all sectors, especially economic
members(5) Comoros, France (for Reunion), Madagascar,
Mauritius, Seychelles
industrial countries
another term for the developed countries; see developed countries (DCs)
Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
notealso known as Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID)
address1300 New York Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20577, US
telephone1 (202) 623 1000
FAX1 (202) 623
3096
established8 April 1959
effective30 December 1959
aimto promote economic and social
development in Latin America
members(46) Argentina, Austria, The Bahamas, Barbados,
Belgium, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia,
Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Finland, France, Germany,
Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Mexico,
Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Slovenia,
Spain, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, US, Uruguay,
Venezuela
Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development (IGADD)
see Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD)
Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD)
noteformerly known as Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and
Development (IGADD)
addressP. O. Box 2653, Djibouti,
Djibouti
telephone253 354050, 354486
FAX253 356994
established15-16 January 1986 as
the Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development
revitalized21 March 1996 as the Inter- Governmental Authority
on Development
aimto promote a social, economic, and
scientific community among its members
members(7) Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia,
Sudan, Uganda
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
addressWagramerstrasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
telephone43 (1) 20600
FAX43 (1) 20607
established26 October 1956
effective29 July
1957
aimto promote peaceful uses of atomic energy
members(124) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Argentina,
Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Bosnia
and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burma, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile,
China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire,
Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,
Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany,
Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
South Korea, Kuwait, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Marshall
Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, Netherlands,
NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,
Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda,
Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia
(suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Bank for Economic Cooperation (IBEC)
was established
on 22 October 1963 to promote economic cooperation and development; members
were Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland,
Romania, USSR, Vietnam; now it is a Russian bank with a new charter
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
notealso known as the World Bank
address1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, US
telephone1 (202) 477 1234
FAX1 (202) 477 6391
established22 July 1944
effective27 December
1945
aimto provide economic development loans; a UN
specialized agency
members(181) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso,
Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon,
The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho,
Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania,
Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway,
Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines,
Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe,
Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname,
Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo,
Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine,
UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
address38 Cours Albert 1st, F-75008 Paris, France
telephone33 (1) 49 53 28 28
FAX33 (1) 49 53 29 42
establishedNA 1919
aimto promote free trade
and private enterprise and to represent business interests at national and
international levels
members(62 national councils) Argentina, Australia, Austria,
Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China,
Colombia, Cote d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy,
Japan, Jordan, South Korea, Kuwait, Lebanon, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar,
Mexico, Morocco, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Peru, Portugal,
Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden,
Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela,
Yugoslavia
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
addressICAO, 999 University Street, Montreal H3C 5H7, Canada
telephone1 (514) 954 8219
FAX1 (514) 954
6077
established7 December 1944
effective4 April 1947
aimto promote international cooperation
in civil aviation; a UN specialized agency
members(185) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso,
Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt,
El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland,
France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall
Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova,
Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands,
NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Palau, Pakistan, Panama, Papua
New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,
Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San
Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain,
Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
addressICRC, 19 av de la Paix, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 734 60 01
FAX41 (22) 733
20 57
establishedNA 1863
aimto
provide humanitarian aid in wartime
members(25 individuals) all Swiss nationals
International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU)
addressInternational Trade Union House, Bd Emile Jacqmain 155, B-1210
Brussels, Belgium
telephone32 (2) 224 02 11
FAX32 (2) 201 58 15, 203 07 56
establishedNA
December 1949
aimto promote the trade union movement
members(19,487 affiliated organizations in the following
136 countries) Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria,
The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Basque Country, Belgium, Belize, Benin,
Bermuda, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Canada, Cape
Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote
d'Ivoire, Curacao, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Falkland Islands, Fiji,
Finland, France, French Polynesia, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece,
Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Holy See, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,
Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Lebanon, Liberia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar,
Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Montserrat, Morocco,
Mozambique, Nepal, Netherlands, New Caledonia, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Norway,
Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland,
Portugal, Puerto Rico, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Senegal,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga,
Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UK, US, Vanuatu, Venezuela,
Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Court of Justice (ICJ)
notealso known as the World Court
addressPeace Palace,
NL-2517 KJ The Hague, Netherlands
telephone31 (70)
302 23 23
FAX31 (70) 364 99 28
established26 June 1945
effective24 October 1945
aimprimary judicial organ of the UN
members(15 judges) elected by the UN General Assembly
and Security Council to represent all principal legal systems
International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)
addressBP 6041, F-69411 Lyon CEDEX 06, France
telephone33 (4) 72 44 70 00
FAX33 (4) 72 44 71 63
established13 June 1956
aimto promote international
cooperation among police authorities in fighting crime
subbureaus(176)
Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia,
Aruba, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia,
Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China,
Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa
Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany,
Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti,
Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel,
Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea,
Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius,
Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal,
Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway,
Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland,
Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia,
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa,
Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda,
Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
subbureaus(11) American Samoa, Anguilla, Bermuda, British
Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Gibraltar, Hong Kong, Macau, Montserrat,
Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands
International Development Association (IDA)
address1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, US
telephone1 (202) 477 1234
FAX1 (202) 477 6391
established26 January 1960
effective24 September
1960
aimUN specialized agency and IBRD affiliate that
provides economic loans for low income countries
members(159)
Part I(26 developed
countries) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France,
Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
NZ, Norway, Portugal, Russia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UAE,
UK, US
Part II(133 less developed countries) Afghanistan,
Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Belize,
Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina
Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Ghana,
Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,
Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
Kiribati, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia,
Libya, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated
States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Nicaragua,
Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent
and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra
Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland,
Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago,
Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Energy Agency (IEA)
address2 rue Andre Pascal, F-75775 Paris CEDEX 16, France
telephone33 (1) 45 24 82 00
FAX33 (1) 45 24 99 88
established15 November 1974
aimto promote cooperation
on energy matters, especially emergency oil sharing and relations between
oil consumers and oil producers; established by the OECD
members(23) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
NZ, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
(IFRCS)
noteformerly known as League of Red Cross
and Red Crescent Societies (LORCS)
addressChemin des
Crets 17, CP 372, Petit-Saconnex, CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 730 4222
FAX41 (22) 733
0395
established5 May 1919
aimto
organize, coordinate, and direct international relief actions; to promote
humanitarian activities; to represent and encourage the development of National
Societies; to bring help to victims of armed conflicts, refugees, and displaced
people; to reduce the vulnerability of people through development programs
members(170) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola,
Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan,
The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin,
Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi,
Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile,
China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo,
Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece,
Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,
Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho,
Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania,
Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal,
Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua
New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,
Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands,
Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden,
Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago,
Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan,
Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate members(13) Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Comoros, Cyprus,
Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Kiribati, Namibia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Seychelles,
Suriname, Tuvalu, Vanuatu
International Finance Corporation (IFC)
address1850 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, US
telephone1 (202) 473 0631
FAX1 (202) 676 0631
established25 May 1955
effective20 July 1956
aimto support private enterprise in international economic
development; a UN specialized agency and IBRD affiliate
members(170) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi,
Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chile, China, Colombia,
Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica,
Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,
Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany,
Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti,
Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel,
Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea,
Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico,
Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia,
Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan,
Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Samoa, Saudi
Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland,
Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga,
Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay,
Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
addressVia del Serafico 107, I-00142 Rome, Italy
telephone39 (6) 54591
FAX39 (6) 5043463
establishedNA November 1974
aimto promote agricultural
development; a UN specialized agency
members(160)
Category I(22 industrialized
aid contributors) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway,
Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US
Category II(12
petroleum-exporting aid contributors) Algeria, Gabon, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq,
Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Venezuela
Category III(126 aid recipients) Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize,
Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina
Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia,
Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, The Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Israel,
Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon,
Lesotho, Liberia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova,
Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Oman, Pakistan,
Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Romania, Rwanda, Saint
Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao
Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia,
South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Uruguay,
Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)
notename changed from International Hydrographic Bureau on 22 September
1970
addressBP 445, 7 avenue President J F Kennedy,
Monte Carlo MC 98011 CEDEX, Monaco
telephone33 (93)
50 65 87
FAX33 (93) 25 20 03
establishedNA June 1919
effectiveNA June 1921
aimto train hydrographic surveyors and nautical cartographers to
achieve standardization in nautical charts and electronic chart displays;
to provide advice on nautical cartography and hydrography; to develop the
sciences in the field of hydrography and techniques used for descriptive
oceanography
members(60) Argentina, Australia, Bahrain, Belgium, Brazil,
Canada, Chile, China, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Cuba, Cyprus, Denmark,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Fiji, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Guatemala, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Italy, Japan, North Korea, South
Korea, Malaysia, Monaco, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan,
Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Singapore,
South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Syria, Thailand, Tonga,
Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, UAE, US, UK, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia
permanent members(10) Algeria, Bulgaria, Colombia, Croatia,
Estonia, Jamaica, Mauritania, Morocco, Qatar, Tunisia
International Investment Bank (IIB)
established on 7 July 1970; to promote economic development; members
were Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland,
Romania, USSR, Vietnam; now it is a Russian bank with a new charter
International Labor Organization (ILO)
addressInternational Labor Office, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211 Geneva
22, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 799 61 11
FAX41 (22) 798 86 85
established11 April 1919
(affiliated with the UN 14 December 1946)
aimto deal
with world labor issues; a UN specialized agency
members(174) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi,
Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile,
China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the
Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia,
Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland,
Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait,
Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique,
Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman,
Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland,
Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia,
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi
Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname,
Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo,
Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE,
UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended),
Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
notename changed from Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization
(IMCO) on 22 May 1982
address4 Albert Embankment, London
SE1 7SR, UK
telephone44 (171) 735 7611
FAX44 (171) 587 3210
established17 March 1958
aimto deal with international maritime affairs; a UN
specialized agency
members(155) Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,
Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil,
Brunei, Bulgaria, Burma, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, China,
Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa
Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia,
Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti,
Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel,
Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea,
Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia,
Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama,
Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,
Russia, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and
Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan,
Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and
Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu,
Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended)
associate members(2) Hong Kong, Macau
International Maritime Satellite Organization (Inmarsat)
see International Mobile Satellite Organization (Inmarsat)
International Mobile Satellite Organization (Inmarsat)
noteformerly International Maritime Satellite Organization
address99 City Road, London EC1Y 1AX, UK
telephone44 (171) 728 1212
FAX44 (171) 728 1602
established3 September 1976
effective26 July
1979
aimto provide worldwide communications for commercial,
distress, and safety applications, at sea, in the air, and on land
members(79) Algeria, Argentina, Australia, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Cameroon,
Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea,
Kuwait, Lebanon, Liberia, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mozambique,
Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines,
Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore,
Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand,
Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Yugoslavia
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
address700 19th Street NW, Washington, DC 20431, US
telephone1 (202) 623 7000
FAX1 (202) 623 4661, 623
7491, 623 4662
established22 July 1944
effective27 December 1945
aimto promote world monetary
stability and economic development; a UN specialized agency
members(182) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso,
Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon,
The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia,
Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho,
Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania,
Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway,
Oman, Pakistan, Palua, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines,
Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis,
Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome
and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Olympic Committee (IOC)
notethere are 194 National Olympic Committees of which 185 are recognized
by the International Olympic Committee
addressChateau
de Vidy, CH-1007 Lausanne, Switzerland
telephone41
(21) 621 61 11
FAX41 (21) 621 62 16
established23 June 1894
aimto promote the Olympic ideals
and administer the Olympic games: 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United
States (20 July-4 August); 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan (date NA);
2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia (date NA); 2002 Winter Olympics
in Salt Lake City, United States (date NA)
National Olympic Committees(196
and the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria,
American Samoa, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia,
Aruba, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia
and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Bulgaria,
Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Cayman
Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa
Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia,
Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guam, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana,
Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq,
Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North
Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia,
Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania,
Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia,
Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria,
Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines,
Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts
and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino,
Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Virgin Islands, Yemen, Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro), Zambia, Zimbabwe,
Palestine Liberation Organization
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
noteestablished as Provisional Intergovernmental Committee
for the Movement of Migrants from Europe; renamed Intergovernmental Committee
for European Migration (ICEM) on 15 November 1952; renamed Intergovernmental
Committee for Migration (ICM) in November 1980; current name adopted 14
November 1989
address17 route des Morillons, CP 71,
CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 717
91 11
FAX41 (22) 798 61 50
established5 December 1951
aimto facilitate orderly international
emigration and immigration
members(59) Albania, Angola,
Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Bolivia, Bulgaria,
Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kenya,
South Korea, Liberia, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Pakistan,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Senegal, Slovakia,
Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Thailand, Uganda, US, Uruguay,
Venezuela, Zambia
observers(48) Afghanistan, Belarus,
Belize, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Cape Verde, Federation of Ethnic
Communities' Council of Australia Inc., Georgia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Holy See, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Japan International Friendship
and Welfare Foundation, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Mexico,
Moldova, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, NZ, Niwano Peace Foundation, Partnership
with the Children of the Third World, Presiding Bishop's Fund for World Relief/Episcopal
Church, Refugee Council of Australia, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, San Marino,
Sao Tome and Principe, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sudan, Turkey,
Ukraine, UK, Vietnam, Yugoslavia, Zimbabwe
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
addressCP 56, 1 rue de Varembe, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 749 01 11
FAX41 (22) 733
34 30
establishedNA February 1947
aimto promote the development of international standards with a view
to facilitating international exchange of goods and services and to developing
cooperation in the sphere of intellectual, scientific, technological and
economic activity
members(86 national standards organizations) Albania,
Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia,
Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt,
Ethiopia, Finland, France, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
North Korea, South Korea, Libya, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria,
Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia,
Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,
Turkey, Ukraine, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yugoslavia,
Zimbabwe
correspondent members(24) Bahrain, Barbados,
Botswana, Brunei, Estonia, Hong Kong, Jordan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia,
Lebanon, Lithuania, Malawi, Malta, Mozambique, Nepal, Oman, Papua New Guinea,
Paraguay, Peru, Qatar, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE
subscriber members(9) Antigua and Barbuda, Bolivia, Cambodia, Dominican Republic, Fiji,
Grenada, Guyana, Namibia, Saint Lucia
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)
addressCICR, 19 avenue de la Paix, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 734 60 01
FAX41 (22) 733
20 57
establishedNA 1928
aimto
promote worldwide humanitarian aid through the International Committee of
the Red Cross (ICRC) in wartime, and International Federation of Red Cross
and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS; formerly League of Red Cross and Red
Crescent Societies or LORCS) in peacetime
National Societies(163 countries)
Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina,
Australia, Austria, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize,
Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi,
Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile,
China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo,
Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece,
Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,
Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho,
Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway,
Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland,
Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia,
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe,
Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname,
Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu,
Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
addressPlace des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 730 6184
FAX41
(22) 733 7256, 730 6614
established9 December 1932
effective1 January 1934
affiliated with the UN15
November 1947
aimto deal with world telecommunications
issues; a UN specialized agency
members(187) Afghanistan,
Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia,
Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados,
Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia,
Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China,
Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo,
Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial
Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia,
Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran,
Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,
Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali,
Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States
of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru,
Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan,
Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa,
San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela,
Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (Intelsat)
addressIntelsat, 3400 International Drive NW,
Washington, DC 20008-3098, US
telephone1 (202) 944
7500
FAX1 (202) 944 7890
established20 August 1971
effective12 February 1973
aimto develop and operate a global commercial telecommunications
satellite system
members(140) Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Argentina,
Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana,
Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the
Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana,
Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan,
Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg,
Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico,
Federated States of Micronesia, Monaco, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal,
Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama,
Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,
Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa,
Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UAE,
UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe
nonsignatory users(44) Albania, Antigua and Barbuda,
Belarus, Belize, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Cuba, Djibouti,
Eritrea, The Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Kiribati, North Korea, Laos, Latvia,
Lesotho, Liberia, Lithuania, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Maldives,
Marshall Islands, Moldova, Mongolia, Nauru, Niue, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent
and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Suriname, Tonga, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu,
Ukraine, Vanuatu
Islamic Development Bank (IDB)
addressP.O.
Box 5925, Jeddah 21432, Saudi Arabia
telephone966
(2) 6361400
FAX966 (2) 6366871
established15 December 1973
aimto promote Islamic economic
aid and social development
members(48 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization)
Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Brunei,
Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Gabon, The Gambia,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan,
Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique,
Niger, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia,
Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, Yemen, Palestine
Liberation Organization
Latin American Economic System (LAES)
notealso known as Sistema Economico Latinoamericana (SELA)
addressSELA, Avda Francisco de Miranda, Torre Europa, piso 4, Chacaito,
Apartado de Correos 17035, Caracas 1010-A, Venezuela
telephone58 (2) 905 5111
FAX58 (2) 951 6953, 951 7246
established17 October 1975
aimto
promote economic and social development through regional cooperation
members(27) Argentina, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil,
Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador,
Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua,
Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela
Latin American Integration Association (LAIA)
notealso known as Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion (ALADI)
addressCalle Cebollati 1461, Casilla de Correo 577,
11000 Montevideo, Uruguay
telephone598 (2) 40 11 21,
49 59 15
FAX598 (2) 49 06 49
established12 August 1980
effective18 March 1981
aimto promote freer regional trade
members(11) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia,
Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela
observers(20) China, Commission of the European Communities, Costa Rica, Cuba,
Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Inter-American Development
Bank, Italy, Nicaragua, Organization of American States, Panama, Portugal,
Romania, Russia, Spain, Switzerland, United Nations Development Program, United
Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
League of Arab States (LAS)
see Arab League (AL)
League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (LORCS)
see International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
(IFRCS)
least developed countries (LLDCs)
that subgroup of the less developed countries (LDCs) initially identified
by the UN General Assembly in 1971 as having no significant economic growth,
per capita GDPs normally less than $1,000, and low literacy rates; also known
as the undeveloped countries; the 42 LLDCs are: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Benin,
Bhutan, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cape Verde, Central African
Republic, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia,
The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Lesotho, Malawi,
Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Samoa, Sao
Tome and Principe, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tuvalu,
Uganda, Vanuatu, Yemen
less developed countries (LDCs)
the bottom group in the hierarchy of developed countries (DCs), former
USSR/Eastern Europe (former USSR/EE), and less developed countries (LDCs);
mainly countries and dependent areas with low levels of output, living standards,
and technology; per capita GDPs are generally below $5,000 and often less
than $1,500; however, the group also includes a number of countries with
high per capita incomes, areas of advanced technology, and rapid rates of
growth; includes the advanced developing countries, developing countries,
Four Dragons (Four Tigers), least developed countries (LLDCs), low-income
countries, middle-income countries, newly industrializing economies (NIEs),
the South, Third World, underdeveloped countries, undeveloped countries; the
172 LDCs are: Afghanistan, Algeria, American Samoa, Angola, Anguilla, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados,
Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, British Virgin Islands,
Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman
Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Christmas Island,
Cocos Islands, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic
of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Ethiopia, Falkland Islands, Fiji, French Guiana, French Polynesia,
Gabon, The Gambia, Gaza Strip, Ghana, Gibraltar, Greenland, Grenada, Guadeloupe,
Guam, Guatemala, Guernsey, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,
Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jersey, Jordan, Kenya,
Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia,
Libya, Macau, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Isle of Man,
Marshall Islands, Martinique, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Federated States
of Micronesia, Mongolia, Montserrat, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru,
Nepal, Netherlands Antilles, New Caledonia, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue,
Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Oman, Palau, Pakistan, Panama,
Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Pitcairn Islands, Puerto Rico,
Qatar, Reunion, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia,
Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome
and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Taiwan,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tokelau, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turks
and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, UAE, Uganda, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Virgin Islands, Wallis and Futuna, West Bank, Western Sahara, Yemen, Zambia,
Zimbabwe; note-similar to the new International Monetary Fund (IMF) term
"developing countries" which adds Malta, Mexico, South Africa, and Turkey
but omits in its recently published statistics American Samoa, Anguilla,
British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cayman Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos Islands,
Cook Islands, Cuba, Eritrea, Falkland Islands, French Guiana, French Polynesia,
Gaza Strip, Gibraltar, Greenland, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guernsey, Jersey,
North Korea, Macau, Isle of Man, Martinique, Mayotte, Montserrat, Nauru, New
Caledonia, Niue, Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Pitcairn
Islands, Puerto Rico, Reunion, Saint Helena, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Tokelau,
Tonga, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, Virgin Islands, Wallis and Futuna,
West Bank, Western Sahara
low-income countries
another term for those less developed countries with below-average per
capita GDPs; see less developed countries (LDCs)
London Suppliers Group
see Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
Mercado Comun del Cono Sur (Mercosur)
see Southern Cone Common Market
middle-income countries
another term for those less developed countries with above-average per
capita GDPs; see less developed countries (LDCs)
Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)
established16 April 1987
aimto arrest the proliferation
of missiles (unmanned delivery vehicles of mass destruction) by controlling
the export of key missile technologies and equipment
members(28) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil,
Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Russia, South
Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US
Near Abroad
Russian term for the 14 non-Russian successor states of the USSR, in
which 25 million ethnic Russians live and in which Moscow has expressed a
strong national security interest; the 14 countries are Armenia, Azerbaijan,
Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova,
Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
newly industrializing countries (NICs)
former term for the newly industrializing economies; see newly industrializing
economies (NIEs)
newly industrializing economies (NIEs)
that subgroup of the less developed countries (LDCs) that has experienced
particularly rapid industrialization of their economies; formerly known as
the newly industrializing countries (NICs); also known as advanced developing
countries; usually includes the Four Dragons (Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore,
Taiwan), and Brazil
Nonaligned Movement (NAM)
addressPermanent
Rep of Colombia to the United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1 (212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 758
2718
established1-6 September 1961
aimto establish political and military cooperation apart from the traditional
East or West blocs
members(112 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization)
Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados,
Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi,
Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia,
Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire,
Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia,
Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana,
Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea,
Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique,
Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New
Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Rwanda, Saint Lucia, Sao Tome and Principe,
Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Somalia, South
Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand,
Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, Uzbekistan,
Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Palestine
Liberation Organization
observers(20) Afro-Asian Solidarity
Organization, Antigua and Barbuda, Arab League, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Brazil,
China, Costa Rica, Croatia, Dominica, El Salvador, Kanaka Socialist National
Liberation Front (New Caledonia), Mexico, Mongolia, Organization of African
Unity, Organization of the Islamic Conference, Socialist Party of Puerto
Rico, UN, Uruguay
guests(22) Australia, Austria, Bosnia
and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Dominican Republic, Finland, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
San Marino, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
Nordic Council (NC)
addressStore Strandstraede
18, PB 3043, DK-1021 Kobenhavn K, Denmark
telephone45
33 96 04 00
FAX45 33 11 18 70
established16 March 1952
effective12 February 1953
aimto promote regional economic, cultural, and environmental cooperation
members(5) Denmark (including Faroe Islands and Greenland),
Finland (including Aland Islands), Iceland, Norway, Sweden
observers(3) the Sami (Lapp) local parliaments of Finland, Norway, and Sweden
Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)
addressFabianinkatu
34, P.O. Box 249, FIN-00171 Helsinki, Finland
telephone358
(0) 18001
FAX358 (0) 1800210
established4 December 1975
effective1 June 1976
aimto promote economic cooperation and development
members(5) Denmark (including Faroe Islands and Greenland),
Finland (including Aland Islands), Iceland, Norway, Sweden
North
a popular term for the rich industrialized countries generally located
in the northern portion of the Northern Hemisphere; the counterpart of the
South; see developed countries (DCs)
North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC)
note-see Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC)
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
addressB-1110 Brussels, Belgium
telephone32 (2) 707
4111
FAX32 (2) 707 4579
established17
September 1949
aimto promote mutual defense and cooperation
members(16) Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany,
Greece, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain,
Turkey, UK, US
Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)
addressAEN/NEA,
Le Seine St. Germain, 12 bd des Iles, F-92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
telephone33 (1) 45 24 10 10
FAX33
(1) 45 24 11 10
establishedNA 1958
aimto promote the peaceful uses of nuclear energy; associated with OECD
members(23) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US
Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
notealso
known as the London Suppliers Group or the London Group
addressc/o Permanent Mission of Japan in Vienna, Prinz-Eugen Strasse 8-10,
A-1040 Vienna, Austria
telephone43 (1) 505 5467
FAX43 (1) 505 6167
establishedNA 1974
effectiveNA 1975
aimto establish guidelines
for exports of nuclear materials, processing equipment for uranium enrichment,
and technical information to countries of proliferation concern and regions
of conflict and instability
members(34) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil,
Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, US
observer(1) European
Commission (a policy-planning body for the EU)
Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la America
Latina y el Caribe (OPANAL)
see Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and
the Caribbean (OPANAL)
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
address2 rue Andre Pascal, F-75775 Paris CEDEX
16, France
telephone33 (1) 45 24 82 00
FAX33 (1) 45 24 85 00, 45 24 81 76
established14
December 1960
effective30 September 1961
aimto promote economic cooperation and development
members(29) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Japan, South Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US
special members(1) EU
Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
noteformerly the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe
(CSCE)
addressKarntner Ring 5-7, A-1010 Vienna, Austria
telephone43 (1) 514 36-190
FAX43
(1) 514 36-96
established1 January 1995
aimto foster the implementation of human rights, fundamental freedoms,
democracy, and the rule of law; to act as an instrument of early warning,
conflict prevention and crisis management; and to serve as a framework for
conventional arms control and confidence building measures
members(55) Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan,
Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece,
Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia,
Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia,
San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia (suspended)
partners for cooperation(7) Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Japan, South
Korea, Morocco, Tunisia
Organization of African Unity (OAU)
addressP. O. Box 3243, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
telephone251
(1) 517700
FAX251 (1) 512622
established25 May 1963
aimto promote unity and cooperation
among African states
members(53) Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina
Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros,
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti,
Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sahrawi
Arab Democratic Republic, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra
Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia,
Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Organization of American States (OAS)
addresscorner of 17th Street and Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20006,
US
telephone1 (202) 458 3000
FAX1
(202) 458 3967
established30 April 1948
effective13 December 1951
aimto promote regional
peace and security as well as economic and social development
members(35) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas,
Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba
(excluded from formal participation since 1962), Dominica, Dominican Republic,
Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica,
Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia,
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, US, Uruguay,
Venezuela
observers(31) Algeria, Angola, Austria, Belgium,
Central American Parliament, Commission of the European Communities, Cyprus,
Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Holy See, Hungary,
India, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Morocco, Netherlands, Pakistan,
Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Switzerland, Tunisia
Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)
addressP.O. Box 20501, Safat 13066, Kuwait
telephone965 4844500
FAX965 4815747
established9 January 1968
aimto promote cooperation in the
petroleum industry
members(10) Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya,
Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, UAE
Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)
addressOECS, P.O. Box 179, The Morne, Castries, St. Lucia
telephone1 (809) 45 22537, 45 22538, 45 36401
FAX1 (809) 45 31628
established18 June 1981
effective4 July 1981
aimto promote political,
economic, and defense cooperation
members(7) Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat,
Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
associate members(2) Anguilla, British Virgin Islands
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
addressObere Donaustrasse 93, A-1020 Vienna, Austria
telephone43 (1) 21 11 20
FAX43 (1) 216 43
20
established14 September 1960
aimto
coordinate petroleum policies
members(11) Algeria, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya,
Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Venezuela
Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)
address6 km Makkah Al-Mukarramah Road, P.O. Box 178, Jeddah 21411,
Saudi Arabia
telephone966 (2) 680-0800
FAX966 (2) 687-6568
established22-25 September
1969
aimto promote Islamic solidarity in economic,
social, cultural, and political affairs
members(53 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization)
Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Brunei,
Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Gabon, The Gambia,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait,
Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco,
Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization
observers(6) Bosnia and Herzegovina, Central African
Republic, Guyana, Moro National Liberation Front (Philippines), Togo, "Turkish
Republic of Northern Cyprus"
Paris Club
see Group of 10
Partnership for Peace (PFP)
addressNATO
Office of Information and Press, B-1110 Brussels, Belgium
telephone32 (2) 728 44 15
FAX32 (2) 728 45 79
established10-11 January 1994
aimto expand
and intensify political and military cooperation throughout Europe, increase
stability, diminish threats to peace, and build relationships by promoting
the spirit of practical cooperation and commitment to democratic principles
that underpin NATO; program under the auspices of NATO
members(27) Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus,
Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)
addressPeace Palace, Carnegieplein 2, NL-2517 KJ The Hague, Netherlands
telephone31 (70) 302 42 42
FAX31 (70) 302
41 67
established29 July 1899
aimto
facilitate the settlement of international disputes
members(83) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium,
Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile,
China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Fiji, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India,
Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Libya,
Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua,
Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Russia, Senegal, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan,
Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine,
UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Zimbabwe
Population Commission
see Commission on Population and Development
Rio Group (RG)
noteformerly known as
Grupo de los Ocho, established in December 1986
establishedNA 1988
aimto consult on regional Latin American
issues
members(12) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia,
Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela
Second World
another term for the traditionally Marxist-Leninist states of the USSR
and Eastern Europe, with authoritarian governments and command economies
based on the Soviet model; the term is fading from use; see centrally planned
economies
Sistema Economico Latinoamericana (SELA)
note-see Latin American Economic System (LAES)
Social Commission
see Commission for Social Development
socialist countries
in general, countries in which the government owns and plans the use
of the major factors of production;
notethe term is sometimes
used incorrectly as a synonym for communist countries
South
a popular term for the poorer, less industrialized countries generally
located south of the developed countries; the counterpart of the North; see
less developed countries (LDCs)
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
addressP.O. Box 4222, Kathmandu, Nepal
telephone977
(1) 221785, 226350, 221792, 228029
FAX977 (1) 227033,
223991
established8 December 1985
aimto promote economic, social, and cultural cooperation
members(7) Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal,
Pakistan, Sri Lanka
South Pacific Commission (SPC)
addressAnse
Vata, BP D5, 98848 Noumea CEDEX, New Caledonia
telephone687
26 20 00
FAX687 26 38 18
established6 February 1947
effective29 July 1948
aimto promote regional cooperation in economic and social matters
members(26) American Samoa, Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji,
France, French Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States
of Micronesia, Nauru, New Caledonia, NZ, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau,
Papua New Guinea, Pitcairn Islands, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga,
Tuvalu, US, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna
South Pacific Forum (SPF)
addressc/o
Forum Secretariat, Ratu Sukuna Road, Private Mail Bag, Suva, Fiji
telephone679 312 600, 303 106
FAX679 301
102, 305 573
established5 August 1971
aimto promote regional cooperation in political matters
members(16) Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall
Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, NZ, Niue, Palau, Papua New
Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu
South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement
(Sparteca)
addressc/o forum Secretariat, Ratu Sukuna
Road GPO Box 856, Suva, Fiji
telephone679 312 600,
303 106
FAX679 302 204
establishedNA
1981
aimto redress unequal trade relationships of Australia
and New Zealand with small island economies in the Pacific region
members(15) Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall
Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, NZ, Niue, Papua New Guinea,
Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu
Southern African Customs Union (SACU)
addressDirector, State Revenue, Private Bag 13185, Windhoek, Namibia, or
Director General, Trade and Industry, Private Bag X84, Pretoria 0001, South
Africa, or Director of Customs and Excise, Private Bag 0041, Gaborone, Botswana,
or Director of Customs and Excise, P. O. Box 891, Maseru 100, Lesotho, or
Chief Customs Officer, P.O. Box 489, Manzini, Swaziland
established11 December 1969
aimto promote free trade and
cooperation in customs matters
members(5) Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland
Southern African Development Community (SADC)
noteevolved from the Southern African Development Coordination Conference
(SADCC)
addressPrivate Bag 0095, Gaborone, Botswana
telephone267 (31) 351863, 351864, 351865
FAX267 (31) 372848
established17 August 1992
aimto promote regional economic development and integration
members(12) Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mauritius,
Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Southern Cone Common Market (Mercosur)
notealso known as Mercado Comun del Cono Sur (Mercosur)
addressRincon 575 P 12, 11000 Montevideo, Uruguay
telephone598 (2) 964590
FAX598 (2) 964591
established26 March 1991
aimto increase regional
economic cooperation
members(4) Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay
associate member(1) Chile
Statistical Commission
addressDivision
for Policy and Coordination and ECOSOC Affairs, Department for Policy Coordination
and Sustainable Development, United Nations, Room 2963, New York, NY 10017,
US
telephone1 (212) 963 1234
FAX1
(212) 963 5935
established21 June 1946
aimto deal with development and standardization of national statistics
of interest to the UN, as part of the Economic and Social Council organization
members(24) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
Third World
another term for the less developed countries; the term is fading from
use; see less developed countries (LDCs)
underdeveloped countries
refers to those less developed countries with the potential for above-average
economic growth; see less developed countries (LDCs)
undeveloped countries
refers to those extremely poor less developed countries (LDCs) with little
prospect for economic growth; see least developed countries (LLDCs)
Union Douaniere et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale (UDEAC)
see Central African Customs and Economic Union (UDEAC)
United Nations (UN)
addressUnited Nations,
New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1 (212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 963 4879
established26 June 1945
effective24 October 1945
aimto
maintain international peace and security and to promote cooperation involving
economic, social, cultural, and humanitarian problems
members(184 excluding Yugoslavia) Afghanistan, Albania,
Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia,
Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus,
Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana,
Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon,
Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia,
Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica,
Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia,
Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana,
Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland,
Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South
Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya,
Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania,
Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia,
Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria,
Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts
and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino,
Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand,
Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine,
UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia
(suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe; note-all UN members are represented in the
General Assembly
observers(2 plus the Palestine Liberation
Organization) Holy See, Switzerland, Palestine Liberation Organization
United Nations Angola Verification Mission (UNAVEM III)
successor
to original UNAVEM and UNAVEM II; established 20 December 1988; renewed for
third time 8 February 1995; aim was to assist the parties in restoring peace
and achieving national reconciliation in Angola on the basis of the Peace
Accords, the Lusaka Protocol, and relevant Security Council resolutions; established
by the UN Security Council; members Bangladesh, Brazil, Bulgaria, Egypt,
Fiji, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, India, Jordan, Mongolia, Mali, Morocco, Netherlands,
Nigeria, Portugal, Sweden, Tanzania, Uruguay, Zambia, Zimbabwe; disbanded
30 June 1997
United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR)
established
5 October 1993 to support and provide safe conditions for displaced persons
and human rights monitors, and to assist in training a new national police
force; established by the UN Security Council; members were Argentina, Australia,
Austria, Bangladesh, Canada, Chad, Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Fiji,
Germany, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, India, Jordan, Malawi, Mali, Niger,
Nigeria, Pakistan, Russia, Senegal, Switzerland, Tunisia, Uruguay, Zambia,
Zimbabwe; terminated 8 March 1996
United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
noteacronym retained from the predecessor organization UN International
Children's Emergency Fund
addressUNICEF House, Three
United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1
(212) 326 7000
FAX1 (212) 888 7465, 888 7454
established11 December 1946
aimto help establish
child health and welfare services
members(36) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
addressUNCTAD, Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 917 12 34, 907 12 34
FAX41 (22) 907 00 57
established30 December
1964
aimto promote international trade
members(188) all UN members plus Holy See, Switzerland,
Tonga
United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia (UNCRO)
established 31 March 1995 to separate Croatian and Krajina Serb forces;
to monitor demilitarization of the Prevlaka Peninsula; to maintain a presence
on Croatia's international borders; to monitor and report the crossing of
military personnel, equipment, supplies and weapons; to facilitate delivery
of humanitarian assistance; to aid refugees and displaced persons; to protect
ethnic minorities; and to clear mines; established by the UN Security Council;
members were Argentina, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ghana, Indonesia, Ireland,
Jordan, Kenya, Lithuania, Malaysia, Nepal, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway,
Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Senegal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Tunisia,
Turkey, Ukraine, UK, US; disbanded January 1996
United Nations Development Program (UNDP)
addressOne United National Plaza, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1 (212) 906 5788, 906 5000
FAX1
(212) 906 5365
established22 November 1965
aimto provide technical assistance to stimulate economic and social
development
members(36) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF)
addressc/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, United Nations,
Room S-3260E, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1 (212)
963 1234
FAX1 (212) 963 4879
established31 May 1974
aimto observe the 1973 Arab-Israeli
cease-fire; established by the UN Security Council
members(4) Austria, Canada, Japan, Poland
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
(UNESCO)
address7 place de Fontenoy, F-75352 Paris
07SP, France
telephone33 (1) 45 68 10 00
FAX33 (1) 45 67 16 90
established16 November
1945
effective4 November 1946
aimto
promote cooperation in education, science, and culture
members(185) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola,
Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan,
The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin,
Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina
Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African
Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the
Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia,
Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic,
Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia,
Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece,
Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary,
Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan,
Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan,
Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives,
Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco,
Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua,
Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay,
Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint
Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San
Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate members(4) Aruba, British Virgin Islands, Macau, Netherlands Antilles
United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)
addressP.O. Box 30552, Nairobi, Kenya
telephone254
(2) 230800, 520600
FAX254 (2) 226890
established15 December 1972
aimto promote international
cooperation on all environmental matters
members(58) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
United Nations Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)
addressChief of Mission, P.O. Box 1642, Nicosia, Cyprus
telephone357 (2) 359 700
FAX357 (2) 359 753
established4 March 1964
aimto serve as a peacekeeping
force between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots in Cyprus; established
by the UN Security Council
members(8) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Canada, Finland,
Hungary, Ireland, UK
United Nations General Assembly
addresssee
United Nations
established26 June 1945
effective24 October 1945
aimto function as the primary
deliberative organ of the UN
members(185) all UN members are represented in the General
Assembly
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
addressVienna International Center, P.O. Box 300, A-1400 Vienna,
Austria
telephone43 (1) 211 310
FAX43
(1) 23 21 56
established17 November 1966
effective1 January 1967
aimUN specialized agency
that promotes industrial development especially among the members
members(169) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina,
Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon,
Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia,
Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica,
Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany,
Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti,
Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos,
Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta,
Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia,
Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan,
Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine,
UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia
(suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR)
addressPalais des Nations, Bureau 1070, CH-1211, Geneva 10, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 798-58-50, 798-84-00
FAX41 (22) 733-13-83
established11 December
1963
aimto help the UN become more effective through
training and research
members (Board of Trustees)(17) Argentina, Australia,
Austria, Cameroon, Chile, China, Egypt, France, Germany, India, Ireland,
Italy, Japan, Nigeria, Pakistan, Russia, Switzerland; notethe UN Secretary
General can appoint up to 30 members
United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)
addressc/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room
S-3260E, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1
(212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 963 4879
established19 March 1978
aimto confirm the withdrawal of
Israeli forces, and assist in reestablishing Lebanese authority in southern
Lebanon; established by the UN Security Council
members(9) Fiji, Finland, France, Ghana, Ireland, Italy, Nepal, Norway, Poland
United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM)
addressc/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA
telephone1
(212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 963 4879
established9 April 1991
aimto observe and monitor the demilitarized
zone established between Iraq and Kuwait; established by the UN Security
Council
members(33) Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Canada, China,
Denmark, Fiji, Finland, France, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia,
Ireland, Italy, Kenya, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Russia,
Senegal, Singapore, Sweden, Thailand, Turkey, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela
United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan
(UNMOGIP)
addressc/o Department of Peace-keeping
Operations, Room 3727, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1 (212) 963 5721
FAX1 (212) 758
2718
established13 August 1948
aimto
observe the 1949 India-Pakistan cease-fire; established by the UN Security
Council
members(8) Belgium, Chile, Denmark, Finland, Italy, South
Korea, Sweden, Uruguay
United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO)
addressc/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations,
Room S-3260E, United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1 (212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 963 4879
established29 April 1991
aimto supervise the
cease-fire and conduct a referendum in Western Sahara; established by the
UN Security Council
members(28) Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, China, Egypt,
El Salvador, France, Ghana, Greece, Guinea, Honduras, Hungary, Ireland, Italy,
Kenya, South Korea, Malaysia, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal,
Russia, Togo, Tunisia, US, Uruguay, Venezuela
United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina (UNMIBH)
addressc/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1
(212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 758 2718
established13 December 1995
aimto establish a UN civilian
police force (IPTF) to implement the Peace Agreement in Bosnia
members(39) Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Bulgaria,
Canada, Chile, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ghana,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Malaysia,
Nepal, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Russia,
Senegal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, UK, US
United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH)
established 23 September 1993;aim was to assist in implementing the agreement
to transfer power back into the civilian government; established by the UN
Security Council; became the United Nations Support Mission in Haiti (UNSMIH)
28 June 1996 with the aim to assist in the professionalization of the Haitian
National Police; members were Algeria, Canada, France, India, Mali, Pakistan,
Togo, US; disbanded 31 July 1997
United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka (UNMOP)
addressc/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1
(212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 758 2718
established13 December 1992
aimto monitor the demilitarization
of the Prevlaka peninsula
members(25) Argentina, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, Ghana, Indonesia, Ireland, Jordan,
Kenya, Nepal, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Sweden,
Switzerland, Ukraine
United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan (UNMOT)
addressc/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1
(212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 758 2718
established16 December 1994
aimto monitor and investigate
violations of the cease-fire of 17 September 1994 between Tajikistan and
the Tajik opposition and to assist in the political negotiation process;
established by the UN Security Council
members(9) Austria, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Denmark, Jordan,
Poland, Switzerland, Ukraine, Uruguay
United Nations Observer Mission in Angola (MONUA)
addressc/o Department of Peace-keeping operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1
(212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 758 2718
established1 July 1997
aimto assist in implementation of
peace agreement; oversee normalization of state administration throughout
National territory; established by UN Security Council
members(17) Bangladesh, Brazil, Bulgaria, Egypt, Guinea-Bissau,
Hungary, India, Jordan, Malaysia, Mali, Nigeria, Portugal, Sweden, Tanzania,
Uruguay, Zambia, Zimbabwe
United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL)
established
20 May 1991 to verify cease-fire arrangements and to monitor the maintenance
of public order pending the organization of a new National Civil Police;
established by the UN Security Council; members were Argentina, Austria,
Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, France, Guyana, Ireland, Italy, Mexico, Spain,
Sweden, Venezuela; disbanded April 1995
United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG)
addressc/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1
(212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 963 4879
establishedAugust 1993
aimto verify compliance with the
cease-fire agreement, to monitor weapons exclusion zone, and to supervise
CIS peacekeeping force for Abkhazia; established by the UN Security Council
members(22) Albania, Austria, Bangladesh, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Egypt, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Indonesia, Jordan, South
Korea, Pakistan, Poland, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US, Uruguay
United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL)
addressc/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1
(212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 963 4879
established22 September 1993
aimto assist in the implementation
of the peace agreement; established by the UN Security Council
members(6) Bangladesh, Egypt, India, Kenya, Malaysia,
Pakistan
United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda (UNOMUR)
established
1993 for six months to monitor the Uganda/Rwanda border to verify that no
military assistance reaches Rwanda across the border; established by the
UN Security Council; members were Bangladesh, Botswana, Brazil, Hungary,
Netherlands, Senegal, Slovakia, Zimbabwe; subsumed by UNAMIR
United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
addressCase postale 2500, Depot, CH-1211 Geneva
2, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 739 81 11
FAX41 (22) 731 95 46
established3 December
1949
effective1 January 1951
aimto
ensure the humanitarian treatment of refugees and find permanent solutions
to refugee problems
members(50) Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh,
Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Denmark, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Holy See, Hungary, India,
Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, Lebanon, Lesotho, Madagascar, Morocco, Namibia,
Netherlands, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Philippines, Russia, Somalia,
Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda,
UK, US, Venezuela, Yugoslavia
United Nations Operation in Mozambique (UNOMOZ)
established
16 December 1992 to supervise the cease-fire; established by the UN Security
Council; members were Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Botswana, Brazil, Canada,
Cape Verde, China, Czech Republic, Egypt, Guinea-Bissau, Hungary, India,
Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Malaysia, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Russia,
Spain, Sweden, US, Uruguay, Zambia; shut down operations 31 January 1995
United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM II)
established
24 April 1992 to facilitate an immediate cessation of hostilities, to maintain
a cease-fire in order to promote a political settlement, and to provide urgent
humanitarian assistance; established by the UN Security Council; members
were Australia, Bangladesh, Botswana, Canada, Egypt, India, Ireland, Malaysia,
Nepal, NZ, Nigeria, Pakistan, Romania, Zimbabwe; UN peacekeepers left Somalia
on 1 March 1995; some UN personnel remain in Somalia engaged in humanitarian
work
United Nations Police Mission in Haiti (MIPONUH)
addressc/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
established1
December 1997
aimto support the professionalization
of the Haitian National Police; established by UN Security Council
members(11) Argentina, Benin, Canada, France, India, Mali,
Niger, Senegal, Togo, Tunisia, US
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
noteacronym retained from predecessor organization UN Fund for Population
Activities
address220 East 42nd Street, 19th Floor,
Room DN-1901, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1 (212)
297 5000
FAX1 (212) 557 6416
establishedNA July 1967
aimto assist both developed and
developing countries to deal with their population problems
members(34) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
United Nations Preventive Deployment Force (UNPREDEP)
addressc/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1
(212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 963 4879
established31 March 1995
aimto monitor border activity in
the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
members(27) Argentina, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, Ghana, Indonesia, Ireland, Jordan,
Kenya, Nepal, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, US
United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR)
established 28 February
1992; to create conditions for peace and security required for the negotiation
of an overall settlement of the "Yugoslav" crisis; established by the UN
Security Council; members were Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Ghana, Indonesia, Ireland,
Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan,
Poland, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, US; disbanded
December 1995; replaced by the Implementation Force (IFOR), which has been
replaced by the Stabilization Force (SFOR)
United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees
in the Near East (UNRWA)
addressVienna International
Center, P. O. Box 700, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
telephone43
(1) 21345, ext. 4531
FAX43 (1) 21345-5877
established8 December 1949
aimto provide assistance
to Palestinian refugees
members(11) Austria, Belgium, Egypt, France, Japan, Jordan,
Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, UK, US
United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD)
addressPalais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10,
Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 798 84 00, 798 58 50
FAX41 (22) 740 07 91
established1 July 1964
aimto conduct research into the problems of economic
development during different phases of economic growth
membersno country members, but a Board of Directors consisting
of a chairman appointed by the UN secretary general and 10 individual members
United Nations Secretariat
addresssee
United Nations
established26 June 1945
effective24 October 1945
aimto serve as the primary administrative
organ of the UN; a Secretary General is appointed for a five-year term by
the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council
membersthe UN secretary general and staff
United Nations Security Council
addressc/o
United Nations, Room S-3520A, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1 (212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 758 2718
established26 June 1945
effective24 October
1945
aimto maintain international peace and security
permanent members(5) China, France, Russia, UK, US
nonpermanent members(10) elected for two-year terms by
the UN General Assembly; Bahrain (1998-99), Brazil (1998-99), Costa Rica
(1997-98), Gabon (1998-99), The Gambia (1998-99), Japan (1997-98), Kenya (1997-98),
Poland (1996-97), Portugal(1997-98), Slovenia (1998-99), Sweden(1997-98)
United Nations Transitional Administration in Eastern Slavonia,
Baranja, and Western Sirmium (UNTAES)
established 12 November 1995; aim
to facilitate and supervise the Basic Agreement between the government of
the Republic of Croatia and the local Serbian community that will lead to
a peaceful integration of that region into the national state of Croatia;
members were Argentina, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Egypt, Fiji, Finland, Ghana, Indonesia, Ireland, Jordan, Kenya, Nepal, NZ,
Niger, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Russian, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland,
Tunisia, Ukraine, UK, US; disbanded 15 January 1998; a UN Civilian Police
Support Group was established in December 1997 as follow-on mission to UNTAES;
the support group will continue to monitor the Croatian police in the Danube
region, particularly in connection with the return of displaced people
United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC)
established by the UN Security Council on 28 February 1992 to contribute to
the restoration and maintenance of peace and to the holding of free elections;
disbanded sometime after the UN-supervised election in May 1993; members
were Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brunei,
Bulgaria, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Egypt, Fiji, France,
Germany, Ghana, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Jordan,
Kenya, Malaysia, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan,
Philippines, Poland, Russia, Senegal, Singapore, Sweden, Thailand, Tunisia,
UK, US, Uruguay
United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO)
addressGovernment House, P.O. Box 490, Jerusalem, Israel
telephone972 (2) 734 223
FAX972 (2) 735
282, 734 223 extension 400
establishedNA May 1948
aimto supervise the 1948 Arab-Israeli cease-fire; currently supports
timely deployment of reinforcements to other peacekeeping operations in
the region as needed; initially established by the UN Security Council
members(20) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada,
Chile, China, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands,
NZ, Norway, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, US
United Nations Trusteeship Council
established on 26 June 1945, effective on 24 October 1945, to supervise
the administration of the 11 UN trust territories; members were China, France,
Russia, UK, US; it formally suspended operations 1 November 1995 after the
Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (Palau) became the Republic of Palau,
a constitutional government in free association with the US; the Trusteeship
Council was not dissolved
United Nations University (UNU)
address53-70
Jingumae 5-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan
telephone81
(3) 3499 2811
FAX81 (3) 3499 2828
established6 December 1973
aimto conduct research in development,
welfare, and human survival and to train scholars
members(38 associated institutes in 33 countries) Argentina,
Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa
Rica, Ethiopia, France, Ghana, Guatemala, Hungary, Iceland, India, Japan,
Kenya, South Korea, Mexico, Netherlands, Nigeria, Philippines, Spain, Sri
Lanka, Sudan, Switzerland, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, US, Venezuela
United National Verification Mission in Guatemala (MINUGUA)
addressc/o Department of Peace-keeping Operations, Room S-3260E,
United Nations, New York, NY 10017, US
telephone1
(212) 963 1234
FAX1 (212) 963 4879
established20 January 1997
aimto verify fulfillment of cease-fire
provisions; established by UN Security Council
members(18) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada,
Columbia, Ecuador, Germany, Italy, Norway, Russia, Singapore, Spain, Sweden,
Ukraine, US, Uruguay, Venezuela
Universal Postal Union (UPU)
addressBureau
International de l'UPU, Weltpoststrasse 4, CH-3000 Berne 15, Switzerland
telephone41 (31) 350 31 11
FAX41
(31) 350 31 10
established9 October 1874, affiliated
with the UN 15 November 1947
effective1 July 1948
aimto promote international postal cooperation; a UN specialized
agency
members(189) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso,
Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,
Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt,
El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland,
France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland,
India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,
Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan,
Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova,
Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands,
Netherlands Antilles, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Overseas
Territories of the UK, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts
and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino,
Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania,
Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela,
Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
Warsaw Pact (WP)
established 14 May 1955 to promote mutual defense; members met 1 July
1991 to dissolve the alliance; member states at the time of dissolution were
Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the USSR; earlier
members included East Germany and Albania
West African Development Bank (WADB)
notealso known as Banque Ouest-Africaine de Developpement (BOAD); is a
financial institution of WAEMU
address68 av de la Liberation,
BP 1172, Lome, Togo
telephone228 21 59 06, 21 42 44,
21 01 13
FAX228 21 52 67, 21 72 69
established14 November 1973
aimto promote regional economic
development and integration
members(7) Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger,
Senegal, Togo
West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU)
notealso known as Union economique et monetaire Ouest africaine
(UEMOA)
addressCommission de l'UEMOA, 01 BP 543, Ouadgadougou,
Burkina Faso
telephone226 31 88 73 through 76
FAX226 31 88 72
established1 August 1994
aimto increase competitiveneess of members' economic
markets; to create a common market
members(7) Benin, Burkino Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Niger,
Senegal, Togo
West African Economic Community (CEAO)
noteacronym from Communaute Economique de l'Afrique de l'Ouest established
on 3 June 1972 to promote regional economic development; its members were
Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal; it
was disbanded in 1994
Western European Union (WEU)
addressRue
de la Regence 4, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
telephone32
(2) 500 44 11
FAX32 (2) 511 32 70
established23 October 1954
effective6 May 1955
aimto provide mutual defense and to move toward political unification
members(10) Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, UK
associate members(3)
Iceland, Norway, Turkey
associate partners(10) Bulgaria,
Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia,
Slovenia
observers(5) Austria, Denmark, Finland, Ireland,
Sweden
World Bank
see International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
World Bank Group
includes International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD),
International Development Association (IDA), and International Finance Corporation
(IFC)
World Confederation of Labor (WCL)
addressRue de Treves 33, B-1040 Brussels, Belgium
telephone32 (2) 230 62 95
FAX32 (2) 230 87 22
established19 June 1920 as the International Federation of Christian
Trade Unions (IFCTU), renamed 4 October 1968
aimto
promote the trade union movement
members(99 national organizations) Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Belize, Benin,
Bolivia, Bonaire Island, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Canada,
Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Democratic Republic
of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Curacao, Cyprus, Dominica,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, France, French Guiana, Gabon, The
Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,
Hong Kong, Indonesia, Iran, Italy, Jamaica, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Liechtenstein,
Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Martinique, Mauritius, Mexico,
Montserrat, Namibia, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Panama,
Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Romania, Rwanda,
Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,
Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Switzerland,
Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia,
Zimbabwe
World Court
see International Court of Justice (ICJ)
World Customs Organization (WCO)
see Customs Cooperation Council (CCC)
World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
addressBranicka 112, 14000 Prague 4, Czech Republic
telephone42 (2) 46 21 40, 46 20 85, 46 29 61
FAX42
(2) 46 13 78
established3 October 1945
aimto promote the trade union movement
members(125 and the Palestine Liberation Organization)
Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia,
Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Benin, Bolivia,
Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile,
Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa
Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Djibouti, Dominican Republic,
Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, French
Guiana, The Gambia, Ghana, Greece, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica,
Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, North Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon,
Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Martinique,
Mauritius, Mexico, Mozambique, Nepal, New Caledonia, NZ, Niger, Nigeria,
Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Puerto Rico, Reunion, Romania, Russia, Saint Lucia, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Slovakia,
Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Syria,
Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Yemen, Zimbabwe, Palestine Liberation Organization
World Food Council (WFC)
established 17 December 1974; to study world food problems and to recommend
solutions; ECOSOC organization; there were 36 members selected on a rotating
basis from all regions; subsumed by the World Food Program and Food and Agriculture
Organization
World Food Program (WFP)
addressVia
Cristoforo Colombo 426, I-00145 Rome, Italy
telephone39
(6) 522821
FAX39 (6) 5123700, 5133537, 52282840
established24 November 1961
aimto provide food
aid in support of economic development or disaster relief; an ECOSOC organization
members(36) selected on a rotating basis from all regions
World Health Organization (WHO)
addressCH-1211
Geneva 27, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 791 21 11,
791 32 23
FAX41 (22) 791 07 46
established22 July 1946
effective7 April 1948
aimto deal with health matters worldwide; a UN specialized agency
members(191) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola,
Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan,
The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin,
Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria,
Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central
African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic
of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire,
Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican
Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia,
Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana,
Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,
Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait,
Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated
States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia,
Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niue, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman,
Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland,
Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia,
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe,
Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname,
Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo,
Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda,
Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen,
Yugoslavia (suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate members(2) Puerto Rico, Tokelau
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
address34 chemin des Colombettes, Case Postale 18, CH-1211 Geneva
20, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 730 9111
FAX41 (22) 733 5428
established14 July 1967
effective26 April 1970
aimto furnish
protection for literary, artistic, and scientific works; a UN specialized
agency
members(161) Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Argentina,
Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada,
Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic
of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia,
Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea,
Estonia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana,
Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras,
Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica,
Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos,
Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,
Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway,
Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar,
Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent
and the Grenadines, San Marino, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname,
Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad
and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay,
Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
addressCase Postale 2300, 41 Av Giuseppe-Motta, CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 730 81 11
FAX41
(22) 734 23 26
established11 October 1947
effective4 April 1951
aimto sponsor meteorological
cooperation; a UN specialized agency
members(184) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua
and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, British Caribbean Territories, Brunei,
Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape
Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote
d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica,
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia,
Fiji, Finland, France, French Polynesia, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany,
Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,
Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel,
Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea,
Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Macau, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated
States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia,
Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, New Caledonia, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger,
Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru,
Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Lucia,
Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain,
Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan,
Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan,
Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam,
Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe
World Tourism Organization (WToO)
addressCalle Capitan Haya 42, 28020 Madrid, Spain
telephone34 (1) 571 06 28
FAX34 (1) 571 37 33
established2 January 1975
aimto promote tourism
as a means of contributing to economic development, international understanding,
and peace
members(131) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola,
Argentina, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon,
Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic
of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia,
Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia,
Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Haiti, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan,
Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos,
Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova,
Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria,
Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Russia, Rwanda, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra
Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Switzerland,
Syria, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, US, Uruguay,
Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
associate
members(4) Aruba, Macau, Madeira Islands, Netherlands Antilles
observer(1) Holy See
World Trade Organization (WTrO)
notesucceeded
General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT)
addressCentre
William Rappard, 154 rue de Lausanne, CH-1211 Geneva 21, Switzerland
telephone41 (22) 739 51 11
FAX41 (22) 739
54 58
established15 April 1994
effective1 January 1995
aimto provide a means to resolve
trade conflicts between members and to carry on negotiations with the goal
of further lowering and/or eliminating tariffs and other trade barriers
members(139) Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina,
Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin,
Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi,
Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Colombia, Democratic
Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire,
Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic,
Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, EU, Fiji,
Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala,
Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland,
India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, South Korea,
Kuwait, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Libya, Luxembourg, Macau, Madagascar, Malawi,
Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia,
Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria,
Norway, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Qatar, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent
and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,
Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo,
Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay,
Venezuela, Zambia, Zimbabwe
observers(5) Azerbaijan,
Laos, Somalia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan
applicants(31) Albania, Armenia, The Bahamas, Belarus, Cambodia,
Cape Verde, China, Comoros, Croatia, Estonia, Georgia, Jordan, Kazakhstan,
Kiribati, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia, Moldova, Nepal, Oman, Panama, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Tuvalu, Ukraine,
Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Vietnam, Yemen, Taiwan; note-some of these countries
applied to GATT and are still under consideration for membership in WTrO
notethe following member of GATT had not become
a member of WTrO as of 1 January 1998: Yugoslavia (suspended)
Zangger Committee (ZC)
establishedearly
1970s
aimto establish guidelines for the export control
provisions of the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty (NPT)
members(29) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland,
Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Russia, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US
Note: The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) ceases to exist. None of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, including Serbia and Montenegro, have been permitted to participate solely on the basis of the membership of the former Yugoslavia in the United Nations General Assembly and Economic and Social Council and their subsidiary bodies and in various United Nations specialized agencies. The United Nations, however, permits the seat and nameplate of the SFRY to remain, permits the SFRY mission to continue to function, and continues to fly the flag of the former Yugoslavia. For a variety of reasons, a number of other organizations have not yet taken action with regard to the membership of the former Yugoslavia. The World Factbook therefore continues to list Yugoslavia under international organizations where the SFRY seat remains or where no action has yet been taken.